Stabilized thermoplastic composition, method of making, and articles formed therefrom
View Patent ↗A thermoplastic composition comprises a polycarbonate, an ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and a poly-substituted aromatic compound of formula: wherein X is an aryl group; Y is a non-hydrogen substituent group, a is 1 to 4, b is 0 to 4, a+b is less than or equal to 4, and c is 0 or 1; and wherein the amounts and identities of the polycarbonate, ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and poly-substituted aromatic compound are selected such that a molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising the thermoplastic composition has, after exposure to gamma radiation at 83 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1925-70, an increase in yellowness index (dYI) of less than or equal to 50, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
1. A thermoplastic composition comprising:
a polycarbonate,
an ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and
a poly-substituted aromatic compound of formula:
wherein X is an aryl group; Y is a non-hydrogen substituent group, a is 1 to 4, b is 0 to 3, a+b is less than or equal to 4, and c is 0 or 1; and
wherein the amounts and identities of the polycarbonate, ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and poly-substituted aromatic compound are selected such that a molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising the thermoplastic composition has, after exposure to gamma radiation at 83 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1925-70, an increase in yellowness index (dYI) of less than or equal to 50, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
2. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein the poly-substituted aromatic compound is used in the thermoplastic composition in an amount of 0.1 to 5 millimoles per kilogram (mmol/Kg), based on the total weight of the polycarbonate, the poly-substituted aromatic compound, and the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive; provided that the total amount of the poly-substituted aromatic compound used does not exceed 0.5 wt % of the total weight of the polycarbonate, the poly-substituted aromatic compound, and the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive.
3. The thermoplastic-composition of claim 1 comprising:
98.5 to 99.998 wt % of the polycarbonate,
0.001 to 1 wt % of the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and
0.001 to 0.5 wt % of the poly-substituted aromatic compound,
wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the polycarbonate, the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and the poly-substituted aromatic compound is 100 wt %, absent any other additives.
4. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive includes aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, aliphatic diols, aliphatic ethers, esters, diketones, alkenes, thiols, thioethers, cyclic thioethers, sulfones, dihydroaromatics, diethers, nitrogen compounds, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.
5. The thermoplastic composition of claim 4 wherein the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive comprises an aliphatic diol of formula:
HO—(C(A′)(A″)) d -S—(C(B′)(B″)) e —OH
wherein A′, A″, B′, and B″ are each independently H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; S is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 2 -C 20 alkyleneoxy, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, or C 3 -C 6 substituted cycloalkyl; and d and e are each 0 or 1, with the proviso that, when d and e are each O, S is selected such that both —OH groups are not connected directly to a single common carbon atom.
6. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein each X is independently C 6 -C 20 aryl or substituted C 6 -C 20 aryl.
7. The thermoplastic composition of claim 6 , wherein X is phenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl, 2,3-dimethylphenyl, 2,4-dimethylphenyl, 2,5-dimethylphenyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,3,4-trimethylphenyl, 2,3,5-trimethylphenyl, 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 4-ethyl phenyl, 4-butyl phenyl, 4-tert-butyl-phenyl, 2-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 4-tert-butoxyphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, naphthyl, C 1 -C 8 alkyl-substituted naphthyl, C 1 -C 8 alkyl ether-substituted naphthyl, or halogen-substituted naphthyl.
8. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein each Y is independently C 1 -C 20 alkyl, substituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, substituted C 6 -C 20 aryl, halogen, nitro, C 1 -C 20 carboxylates, C 1 -C 20 alkyl ether, or C 1 -C 20 acyl.
9. The thermoplastic composition of claim 8 , wherein Y is fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, methyl carboxylate, ethyl carboxylate, t-butyl carboxylate, cyclohexyl carboxylate, phenyl carboxylate, —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , —O-t-butyl, —O-n-butyl, —O-n-octyl, acetyl, pivaloyl, n-octyloyl, n-dodecoyl, n-stearoyl, benzoyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, phenyl, C 1 -C 8 alkylphenyl, C 1 -C 8 alkoxyphenyl, or halophenyl.
10. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyfunctional aromatic compound is an ester wherein c is zero.
11. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyfunctional aromatic compound is a carbonate wherein c is one.
12. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein the molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising the thermoplastic composition has, after exposure to gamma radiation at 51 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1925-70, an increase in yellowness index (dYI) of less than or equal to 24 after exposure to gamma radiation at 51 kGy, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
13. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , wherein the molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising a thermoplastic composition may have, after exposure to gamma radiation at 83 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1003-00, a decrease in percent transmittance (d % T) of less than or equal to 15%, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
14. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 wherein the molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising a thermoplastic composition may have, after exposure to gamma radiation at 51 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1003-00, a decrease in percent transmittance (d % T) of less than or equal to 5%, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
15. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 further including a hydrolysis stabilizer.
16. The thermoplastic composition of claim 15 , wherein a molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising the thermoplastic composition and hydrolysis stabilizer has, after exposure to gamma radiation at 83 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1925-70, an increase in yellowness index (dYI) of less than or equal to 40, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
17. The thermoplastic composition of claim 15 , wherein a molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising a thermoplastic composition and hydrolysis stabilizer may have, after exposure to gamma radiation at 83 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1003-00, a decrease in percent transmittance (d % T) of less than or equal to 12%, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
18. The thermoplastic composition of claim 1 , further comprising an additive selected from impact modifier, filler, antioxidant, heat stabilizer, light stabilizer, ultraviolet light absorber, plasticizer, mold release agent, lubricant, antistatic agent, pigment, dye, flame retardant, anti-drip agent, or a combination comprising one or more of these.
19. A thermoplastic composition comprising:
98.5 to 99.998 wt % of a polycarbonate,
0.001 to 1 wt % of an ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and
0.001 to 0.5 wt % of a poly-substituted aromatic compound of formula:
wherein X is an aryl group; Y is a non-hydrogen substituent group, a is 1 to 4, b is 0 to 3, a+b is less than or equal to 4, and c is 0 or 1; and
wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the polycarbonate, the ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and the poly-substituted aromatic compound is 100 wt %, absent any other additives.
20. A method of making a thermoplastic composition comprising melt-combining:
a polycarbonate,
an ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and
a poly-substituted aromatic compound of formula:
wherein X is an aryl group; Y is a non-hydrogen substituent group, a is 1 to 4, b is 0 to 3, a+b is less than or equal to 4, and c is 0 or 1; and
wherein the amounts and identities of the polycarbonate, ionizing radiation stabilizing additive, and poly-substituted aromatic compound are selected such that a molded article having a thickness of 3.18 millimeters and comprising the thermoplastic composition has, after exposure to gamma radiation at 83 kGy and when measured according to ASTM D1925-70, an increase in yellowness index (dYI) of less than or equal to 50, when compared to the unexposed thermoplastic composition.
21. An article comprising the thermoplastic composition of claim 1 .