Heat exchange fluids
Carboxylate salts of amines are used as components of heat exchange fluids. The amines may have a ratio of N to C of 1:0 to 1:12 and the carboxylate anion may be derived from an acid of the formula H(CH 2 ) 0-3 COOH. A preferred monoamine heat exchange fluid utilizes triethanolamine formate. Lower carboxylate salts of diamines and triamines having the formula R 2 [N[(CH 2 ) m NR] 1-2 ]R where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula —C n H 2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH 2 ) 1-4 ]—, each m is independently a number from 1 to 6, and each n is a number from 1 to 4, are disclosed as compounds.
1. A method of transferring heat energy from a first location to a second location, comprising:
absorbing heat energy at said first location into an aqueous solution, the solution comprising:
an amine carboxylate, the amine portion of said amine carboxylate having an atomic ratio of N to C from 1:0 to 1:12, wherein said amine carboxylate in said solution has the formula R 3 NH + H(CH 2 ) 0-3 COO — where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula C n H 2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH 2 ) 1-4 ]—, where n is an integer from 0 to 4 and at least one R includes a carbon atom; and
the carboxylate portion being derived from an acid of the formula H(CH 2 ) 0-3 COOH; and desorbing said heat energy from said amine carboxylate solution at said second location.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said moieties of the formula H[O(CH 2 ) 1-4 ]— is further alkoxylated to provide at least one additional alkoxy group having 1-4 carbon atoms in said moiety.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said amine portion of said amine carboxylate satisfies the formula R 2 N(CH 2 ) m NR 2 where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula C n H 2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH 2 ) 1-4 ]—, where n is an integer from 0 to 4 and m is an integer from 1 to 6.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said amine portion of said amine carboxylate satisfies the formula R 2 [N[(CH 2 ) m NR] 2 ]R, where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula C n H 2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH 2 ) 1-4 ]—, where n is an integer from 0 to 4 and m is an integer from 1 to 6.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said amine carboxylate is triethanolamine formate.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said amine carboxylate is present in said solution in a concentration from 15 to 80% by weight.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said amine carboxylate solution includes up to 50% by weight potassium formate.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine portion of said amine carboxylate is derived from amine heads.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is conducted in an enclosed system having heat exchange surfaces at said first and second locations.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out by convection.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out by conduction.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said desorbing of said heat energy is carried out by evaporation.
13. A method of transferring heat through a heat exchange surface, comprising:
absorbing said heat into a solution of triethanolamine formate in contact with said heat exchange surface; and
circulating said solution to a second heat exchange surface.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said solution comprises 15 to 80% triethanolamine formate.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein said solution includes 1% to 60% by weight alkali metal formate.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said solution includes 10% to 45% alkali metal formate by weight.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein said alkali metal formate comprises potassium formate.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising circulating the aqueous solution from the first location to the second location.
19. A method of transferring heat energy from a first location to a second location, comprising:
absorbing heat energy at said first location into an aqueous solution, the solution comprising:
an amine carboxylate, the amine portion of said amine carboxylate having an atomic ratio of N to C from 1:0 to 1:12, wherein said amine portion of said amine carboxylate satisfies the formula R 2 N(CH 2 ) m NR 2 where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula C n H 2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH 2 ) 1-4 ]—, where n is an integer from 0 to 4 and m is an integer from 1 to 6; and
the carboxylate portion being derived from an acid of the formula H(CH 2 ) 0-3 COOH; and desorbing said heat energy from said amine carboxylate solution at said second location.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution comprises an alkali metal formate.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the atomic ratio of nitrogen to carbon is 1:1.