Polyether siloxane copolymer network compositions
View Patent ↗A composition comprising the reaction products of M a M H b M E c D d D H e D E f T g T H h T E i Q j where M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ; M H =R 4 R 5 H SiO 1/2 ; M E =R 6 R 7 R E SiO 1/2 ; D=R 8 R 9 SiO 2/2 ; D H =R 10 HSiO 2/2 ; D E =R 11 R E SiO 2/2 ; T=R 12 SiO 3/2 ; T H =HSiO 3/2 ; T E =R E SiO 3/2 ; and Q=SiO 4/2 ; where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R 4 , R 5 and R 10 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R 6 , R 7 , R 11 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or R E ; each R E is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j are either zero or positive subject to the following limitations: a+b+c>1;b+e+h>1;c+f+i>1;b+e+h>c+f+i. In a preferred embodiment the reaction product of the present invention is a polyether siloxane copolymer network. In another preferred embodiment the reaction product of the present invention is a polyether siloxane copolymer network swollen with a volatile low molecular weight silicon containing compound. These compositions are useful for a variety of personal care compositions.
1. A composition comprising the reaction product of:
M a M H b M E c D d D H e D E f T g T H h T E i Q j
where
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ;
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2 ;
M E =R 6 R 7 R E SiO 1/2 ;
D=R 8 R 9 SiO 1/2 ;
D H =R 10 HSiO 2/2 ;
D E =R 11 R E SiO 2/2 ;
T=R 12 SiO 3/2 ;
T H =HSiO 3/2 ;
T E =R E SiO 3/2 ; and
Q=SiO 4/2 ;
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R 4 , R 5 and R 10 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R 6 , R 7 , R 11 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or R E ; each R E is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j are either zero or positive subject to the following limitations:a+b+c>1;b+e+h>1;c+f+i>1;b+e+h>c+f+i; wherein said composition having an original volume may be swollen by a low molecular weight silicone fluid from 2 to 1,000 times its original volume.
2. The composition of claim 1 where R E has the formula:
where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q n is a di- or trivalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q m is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms with the subscripts m and n independently zero or one subject to the limitation that when Qm is trivalent one of R 13 or R 14 is absent.
3. The composition of claim 1 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of a compound selected from the group consisting of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, limonene oxide, 1,2-epoxy-5-hexene, 1,2-epoxy-7-octene, norbornadiene monoepoxide and 1,2-epoxy-9-decene.
4. The composition of claim 2 where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are hydrogen and m and n are zero.
5. The composition of claim 3 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide.
6. The composition of claim 1 where R 1 ,R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl, C30+ and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
7. The composition of claim 2 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
8. The composition of claim 3 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
9. The composition of claim 4 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
10. The composition of claim 5 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
11. An aqueous emulsion where the discontinuous phase comprises water and the continuous phase comprises a composition comprising the reaction product of:
M a M H b M E c D d D H e D E f T g T H h T E i Q j
where
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ;
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2 ;
M E =R 6 R 7 R E SiO 1/2 ;
D=R 8R 9 SiO 2/2 ;
D H =R 10 HSiO 2/2 ;
D E =R 11 R E SiO 2/2 ;
T=R 12 SiO 3/2 ;
T H =HSiO 3/2 ;
T E =R E SiO 3/2 ; and
Q SiO 4/2 ;
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R 4 , R 5 and R 10 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R 6 , R 7 , R 11 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or R E ; each R E is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and j are either zero or positive subject to the following limitations: a+b+c>1;b+e+h>1;c+f+i>1;b+e+h>c+f+i.
12. The composition of claim 11 where R E has the formula:
where R 13 , R 14 , R 5 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q m is a di- or trivalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q n is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms with the subscripts m and n independently zero or one subject to the limitation that when Qm is trivalent one of R 13 or R 14 is absent.
13. The composition of claim 1 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of a compound selected from the group consisting of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, limonene oxide, 1,2-epoxy-5-hexene, 1,2-epoxy-7-octene, norbornadiene monoepoxide and 1,2-epoxy-9-decene.
14. The composition of claim 12 where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are hydrogen and m and n are zero.
15. The composition of claim 13 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide.
16. The composition of claim 11 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl, C30+ and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
17. The composition of claim 12 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
18. The composition of claim 13 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
19. The composition of claim 14 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
20. The composition of claim 15 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 22 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyt, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
21. An aqueous emulsion where the continuous phase comprises water and the discontinuous phase comprises a composition comprising the reaction product of:
M a M H b M E c D d D H e D E f T g T H h T E i Q j
where
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ;
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2 ;
M E =R 6 R 7 R E SiO 1/2 ;
D=R 8 R 9 SiO 2/2 ;
D H =R 10 HSiO 2/2 ;
D E =R 11 R E SiO 2/2 ;
T=R 12 SiO 3/2 ;
T H =HSiO 3/2 ;
T E =R E SiO 3/2 ; and
Q=SiO 4/2 ;
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R 4 , R 5 and R 10 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R 6 , R 7 , R 11 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or R E ; each R E is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j are either zero or positive subject to the following limitations: a+b+c>1; b+e+h>1; c+f+i>1; b+e+h>c+f+i.
22. The composition of claim 21 where R E has the formula:
where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q m is a di- or trivalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q n is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms with the subscripts m and n independently zero or one subject to the limitation that when Qm is trivalent one of R 13 or R 14 is absent.
23. The composition of claim 21 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of a compound selected from the group consisting of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, limonene oxide, 1,2-epoxy-5-hexene, 1,2-epoxy-7-octene, norbornadiene monoepoxide and 1,2-epoxy-9-decene.
24. The composition of claim 22 where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are hydrogen and m and n are zero.
25. The composition of claim 23 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide.
26. The composition of claim 21 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl, C30+ and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
27. The composition of claim 22 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
28. The composition of claim 23 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
29. The composition of claim 24 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl ethyl sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
30. The composition of claim 25 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
31. A non-aqueous emulsion where the discontinuous phase comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic solvent and the continuous phase comprises a composition comprising the reaction product of:
M a M H b M E c D d D H e D E f T g T H h T E i Q j
where
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ;
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2 ;
M E =R 6 R 7 R E SiO 1/2 ;
D=R 8 R 9 SiO 2/2 ;
D H =R 10 HSiO 2/2 ;
D E =R 11 R E SiO 2/2 ;
T=R 12 SiO 3/2 ;
T H =HSiO 3/2 ;
T E =R E SiO 3/2 ; and
Q=SiO 4/2 ;
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R 4 , R 5 and R 10 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R 6 , R 7 , R 11 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or R E ; each R E is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j are either zero or positive subject to the following limitations: a+b+c>1; b+e+h>1; c+f+i>1; b+e+h>c+f+i.
32. The composition of claim 31 where R E has the formula:
where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q n is a di- or trivalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q m is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms with the subscripts m and n independently zero or one subject to the limitation that when Qm is trivalent one of R 13 or R 14 is absent.
33. The composition of claim 31 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of a compound selected from the group consisting of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide, aHyl glycidyl ether, limonene oxide, 1,2-epoxy-5-hexene, 1,2-epoxy-7-octene, norbornadiene monoepoxide and 1,2-epoxy-9-decene.
34. The composition of claim 32 where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are hydrogen and m and n are zero.
35. The composition of claim 33 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide.
36. The composition of claim 31 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl, C30+ and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
37. The composition of claim 32 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
38. The composition of claim 33 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
39. The composition of claim 34 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
40. The composition of claim 35 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3 , 3 , 3 -fluoropropyl.
41. A non-aqueous emulsion where the continuous phase comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic solvent and the discontinuous phase comprises a composition comprising the reaction product of:
M a M H b M E c D d D H e D E f T g T H h T E i Q j
where
M=R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 ;
M H =R 4 R 5 HSiO 1/2 ;
M E =R 6 R 7 R E SiO 1/2 ;
D=R 8 R 9 SiO 2/2 ;
D H =R 10 HSiO 2/2 ;
D E =R 11 R E SiO 2/2 ;
T=R 12 SiO 3/2 ;
T H =HSiO 3/2 ;
T E =R E SiO 3/2 ; and
Q=SiO 4/2 ; and
where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R 4 , R 5 and R 10 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R 6 , R 7 , R 11 are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or R E ; each R E is independently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, and j are either zero or positive subject to the following Iimitations:a+b+c>1; b+e+h1;c+f+i>1; b+e+h>c+f+i.
42. The composition of claim 41 where R E has the formula:
where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q m is a di- or trivalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms, Q n is a divalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms with the subscripts m and n independently zero or one subject to the limitation that when Qm is trivalent one of R 13 or R 14 is absent.
43. The composition of claim 31 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of a compound selected from the group consisting of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, limonene oxide, 1,2-epoxy-5-hexene, 1,2-epoxy-7-octene, norbornadiene monoepoxide and 1,2-epoxy-9-decene.
44. The composition of claim 42 where R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are hydrogen and m and n are zero.
45. The composition of claim 43 where R E is obtained by hydrosilylation of 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide.
46. The composition of claim 41 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl, C30+> and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
47. The composition of claim 42 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
48. The composition of claim 43 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
49. The composition of claim 44 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.
50. The composition of claim 45 where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 8 , R 9 and R 12 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, ethenyl, propenyt, butynyl, hydroxypropyl, cyanoethyl, butoxy, 2,5,8-trioxadecanyl, carboxymethyl, chloromethyl and 3,3,3-fluoropropyl.