Cellulose hydrate ultrafiltration membranes and method for their production
View Patent ↗There is disclosed a process for the production of cellulose hydrate ultrafiltration membranes having improved filtration performance and the ultrafiltration membranes produced by the process.
1. A cellulose hydrate ultrafiltration membrane produced by a process comprising the following steps:
(a) providing a cellulose ester membrane;
(b) tempering said cellulose ester membrane of step (a) in a tempering medium to form a tempered cellulose ester membrane; and
(c) saponifiying the tempered cellulose ester membrane of step (b) to form a cellulose hydrate ultrafiltration membrane.
2. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 wherein said ultrafiltration membrane has an asymmetric structure.
3. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 wherein step (b) is carried out at a temperature in the range from 40° C. to the boiling point of said tempering medium.
4. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 wherein said tempering medium of step (b) contains at least one additive having a dissolving effect on said cellulose ester membrane.
5. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 4 wherein said additive is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, diacetin, triacetin and sulfolane.
6. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 5 wherein the concentration of said additive in said tempering medium is 0.1 to 50 wt %.
7. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 6 wherein the concentration of said additive is 10 to 30 wt %.
8. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 7 wherein step (b) is conducted for a period of time ranging from 0.1 second to 1 hour.
9. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 wherein said cellulose ester membrane of step (a) is selected from the group consisting of cellulose monoacetate, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetobutyrate, cellulose nitrate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof.
10. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 wherein said cellulose hydrate ultrafiltration membrane of step (c) is crosslinked.
11. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 wherein said process is carried out continuously.
12. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 11 wherein step (c) is conducted substantially immediately following step (b).
13. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 1 having a molecular weight cut off of from 500 Da to 10 kDa.
14. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 13 having a molecular weight cut off of from 500 Daltons to 1000 Daltons.
15. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 13 having a flux of at least 2 L/m 2 ·h·bar for a membrane in the 400 Dalton cut off class; a flux of at least 10 L/m 2 ·h·bar for a membrane in the 1 kDalton cut off class; a flux of at least 25 L/m 2 ·h·bar for a membrane in the 3 kDalton cut off class; a flux of at least 30 L/m 2 ·h·bar for a membrane in the 5 kDalton cut off class; a flux of at least 60 L/m 2 ·h·bar for a membrane in the 10 kDalton class.
16. The ultrafiltration membrane of claim 14 provided with an integral non-woven fabric reinforcement.