Frequency converter overvoltage protection
View Patent ↗A method of protecting a frequency converter against overvoltage by controlling an AC motor during braking or during light load and a frequency converter, wherein the frequency converter is a voltage-controlled PWM frequency converter operating in single quadrant ( 1 Q) and comprising at least one uncontrolled rectifier bridge ( 10 ) to be connected to a AC supply line (U L1 , U L2 , U L3 ), a direct-voltage intermediate circuit and at least one controlled inverter bridge ( 11 ) for feeding an AC motor ( 12 ) with an alternating voltage (U u , U v , U w ) of varying magnitude and frequency, in which method: the angle (θ Δ ) between the output voltage vector (U s ) and current vector (I s ), i.e. the power factor, is measured, the angle (θ Δ ) between the output voltage vector (U s ) and current vector (I s ), i.e. the power factor, is controlled on the basis of the measurement, and the angle (θ Δ ) between the output voltage vector (U s ) and current vector (I s ), i.e. the power factor, is controlled so that the angle does not exceed a preset threshold value, preferably approximately π/2.
1. A method of protecting a frequency converter against overvoltage by controlling an AC motor during braking or during light load,
wherein the frequency converter is a voltage-controlled PWM frequency converter operating in single quadrant and comprising at least one uncontrolled rectifier bridge to be connected to a AC supply line, a direct-voltage intermediate circuit, at least one controlled inverter bridge for feeding an AC motor with an alternating voltage of varying magnitude and frequency, and a control unit including angular frequency controller, a scalar controller and a PWM modulator,
the method comprising:
measuring an angle between the output voltage vector and current vector, in said angular frequency controller,
controlling the angle between the output voltage vector and current vector, in said PWM modulator on the basis of the measurement, and
controlling the angle between the output voltage vector and current vector, in said scalar unit so that the angle does not exceed a preset threshold value, of approximately π/2.
2. A method of protecting a frequency converter controlling an AC motor against overvoltage according to claim 1 , wherein said angular frequency controller fixes a synchronous rotating coordinate frame into the stator current.
3. A method of protecting a frequency converter controlling an AC motor against overvoltage according to claim 1 , wherein the stator voltage reference vector is transformed into the synchronous rotating coordinate frame by said angular frequency controller as well by using equation (2), and that the angle between stator voltage and current vectors is defined according to equation (3)
[
U
s
,
d
U
s
,
q
]
=
[
cos
(
θ
i
)
sin
(
θ
i
)
-
sin
(
θ
i
)
cos
(
θ
i
)
]
[
U
s
,
x
U
s
,
y
]
(
2
)
θ
Δ
=
tan
-
1
(
U
s
,
q
U
s
,
d
)
(
3
)
wherein the angle between stator voltage and current vectors is an input for the power factor control.
4. A method of protecting a frequency converter controlling an AC motor against overvoltage according to claim 1 , wherein the output of the power factor control is summed into an angular frequency reference.
5. A method of protecting a frequency converter controlling an AC motor against overvoltage according to claim 1 , wherein the frequency converter is provided with a small capacitor unit in the DC intermediate circuit so that the rectifier bridge and the inverter bridge are connected to each other directly without a direct-voltage capacitor unit acting as an intermediate energy storage.
6. A frequency converter with a protection unit protecting the frequency converter against overvoltage by controlling an ac motor during braking or light load,
wherein the frequency converter is a voltage-controlled PWM frequency converter operating in single quadrant comprising a control unit with an angular frequency controller, a scalar controller and a PWM modulator,
wherein the frequency converter further comprises at least one uncontrolled rectifier bridge to be connected to an ac supply line, a direct-voltage intermediate circuit and at least one controlled inverter bridge for feeding an ac motor with an alternating voltage of varying magnitude and frequency,
wherein:
the controller measures the angle between the output voltage vector and current vector
the PWM modulator controls the angle between the output voltage vector and current vector factor on the basis of the measurement, and
the scalar controller controls the angle between the output voltage vector and current vector, so that the angle does not exceed a preset threshold value, of approximately π/2.
7. A frequency converter according to claim 6 , wherein the angular frequency converter includes a means for fixing a synchronous rotating coordinate frame into the stator current.
8. A frequency converter according to claim 6 , wherein the control unit transforms the stator voltage reference vector into the synchronous rotating coordinate frame as well by using equation (2), and that the angle between stator voltage and current vectors is defined according to equation (3)
[
U
s
,
d
U
s
,
q
]
=
[
cos
(
θ
i
)
sin
(
θ
i
)
-
sin
(
θ
i
)
cos
(
θ
i
)
]
[
U
s
,
x
U
s
,
y
]
(
2
)
θ
Δ
=
tan
-
1
(
U
s
,
q
U
s
,
d
)
(
3
)
wherein the angle between stator voltage and current vectors is an input for the power factor control.
9. A frequency converter according to claim 6 , further comprising a means for summing the output of the power factor control into the angular frequency reference.
10. A frequency converter according to claim 6 , wherein the frequency converter is provided with a small capacitor unit in the DC intermediate circuit so that the rectifier bridge and the inverter bridge are connected to each other directly without a direct-voltage capacitor unit acting as an intermediate energy storage.