Articles including natural biodegradable polysaccharides and uses thereof
View Patent ↗Medical articles having a body member including natural biodegradable polysaccharides are described. The body member is formed from a plurality of natural biodegradable polysaccharides having pendent coupling groups. The body member can also include a bioactive agent which can be released to provide a therapeutic effect to a patient.
1. A medical implant comprising a biodegradable body member comprising a matrix of crosslinked polymers, wherein the matrix is formed from a composition comprising polymers having a molecular weight of 500,000 Da or less and comprising
repeating glucopyranose units comprising hydroxyl groups present on 2, 3, and 6 position carbons, wherein the glucopyranose units are joined by α-1,4 linkages,
pendent polymerizable groups, and
an ester group present between the pendent polymerizable group and the glucopyranose unit, wherein the ester group is formed from esterification of a hydroxyl group selected from the hydroxyl groups present on the 2, 3, and 6 position carbons of the glucopyranose unit which comprises the formula:
where X represents the 6 position carbon, and Y represents the 2 or 3 position carbon of the glucopyranose unit.
2. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein polymers comprising repeating glucopyranose units have a molecular weight in the range of 500 Da to 500,000 Da.
3. The medical implant of claim 2 wherein the polymers comprising repeating glucopyranose units have a molecular weight in the range of 1000 Da to 10,000 Da.
4. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the polymers comprising repeating glucopyranose units are selected from the group consisting of amylose and maltodextrin.
5. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the polymerizable groups are present on the polymer in an amount of 0.7 mmoles or less of pendent polymerizable groups per milligram poly(glucopyranose) polymer.
6. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the polymerizable groups are selected from vinyl groups, acrylate groups, methacrylate groups, ethacrylate groups, 2-phenyl acrylate groups, acrylamide groups, methacrylamide groups, itaconate groups, and styrene groups.
7. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises a photoinitiator comprising two or more photoreactive groups.
8. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises a redox pair.
9. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the matrix further comprises a bioactive agent.
10. The medical implant of claim 9 wherein the bioactive agent is selected from the group comprising polypeptides, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides.
11. The medical implant of claim 10 wherein the bioactive agent has a molecular weight of 10,000 Da or greater.
12. The medical implant of claim 1 having a dry mass of 2.5 g or less.
13. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the body member comprises a cross section having a circular shape.
14. The medical implant of claim 1 adapted for placement into at least one portion of the eye.
15. The medical implant of claim 14 fabricated to have an intravitreal lifetime of 24 hours or less.
16. The medical implant of claim 14 fabricated to have an intravitreal lifetime of one month or less.
17. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises the polymers at a concentration in the range of 200 mg/mL to 2000 mg/mL.
18. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the body member is formed by a method comprising steps of:
(i) disposing in a mold the composition comprising (a) the polymers comprising repeating glucopyranose units, (b) an initiator, and (c) a bioactive agent; and
(ii) activating the initiator to cause polymerization of the polymers and matrix formation.
19. The medical implant of claim 17 where the composition comprises the polymers at a concentration in the range of 300 mg/mL to 1500 mg/mL.
20. The medical implant of claim 19 where the composition comprises the polymers at a concentration in the range of 500 mg/mL to 1500 mg/mL.
21. The medical implant of claim 20 where the composition comprises the polymers at a concentration in the range of 600 mg/mL to 1500 mg/mL.
22. An ocular implant comprising a biodegradable body member comprising a matrix comprising crosslinked polymers, wherein the matrix is formed from a composition comprising polymers having a molecular weight of 500,000 Da or less and comprising
repeating glucopyranose units comprising hydroxyl groups present on 2, 3, and 6 position carbons, wherein the glucopyranose units are joined by α-1,4 linkages
pendent polymerizable groups, and
an ester group present between the pendent polymerizable group and the glucopyranose unit, wherein the ester group is formed from esterification of a hydroxyl group selected from the hydroxyl groups present on the 2, 3, and 6 position carbons of the glucopyranose unit which comprises the formula:
where X represents the 6 position carbon, and Y represents the 2 or 3 position carbon of the glucopyranose unit, and wherein the ocular implant further comprises a bioactive agent comprising a polypeptide.
23. The medical implant of claim 1 wherein the ester group is formed by reaction of a compound including a polymerizable group and an isocyante group, wherein a hydroxyl group selected from the hydroxyl groups present on the 2, 3, and 6 position carbons of the glucopyranose unit react with the isocyante group to form the ester group, which is in the form of a carbamate group.
24. The medical implant of claim 23 wherein the compound including the polymerizable group and the isocyante group has the following structure:
25. A medical implant comprising a biodegradable body member comprising a matrix of polymers, wherein the matrix is formed from a composition comprising polymers having a molecular weight of 500,000 Da or less and comprising repeating glucopyranose units comprising hydroxyl groups present on 2, 3, and 6 position carbons, wherein the glucopyranose units are joined by α-1,4 linkages, and pendent polymerizable groups, and an ester group present between the pendent polymerizable group and the glucopyranose unit which comprises the formula:
where X represents the 6 position carbon, and Y represents the 2 or 3 position carbon of the glucopyranose unit, and the polymers are at a concentration in the range of 200 mg[mL to 2000 mg/mL in the composition.