IP Library Granted Patent US 7,421,628
Granted Patent B2
US 7,421,628 · App. 11/278,917 · Granted Sep 2, 2008

Methods and apparatus to extract codes from a plurality of channels

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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 7,421,628
App. No.
11/278,917
Granted
Sep 2, 2008
Kind
B2
Abstract

Methods and apparatus to extract audio codes are disclosed. An example method includes receiving signals on a plurality of channels and ranking the signals based on at least one characteristic of the signals. A first channel from the plurality of channels is selected based upon the ranking of the signals. The example method further include determining whether a first signal on the first channel includes at least one code and extracting the at least one code from the first signal when the first signal includes the at least one code.

Claims (60)

1. A method to extract audio codes comprising:

receiving audio frequency signals on a plurality of audio channels;

ranking the audio frequency signals based on at least one characteristic of the audio frequency signals;

selecting a first audio channel from the plurality of audio channels based upon the ranking of the audio frequency signals;

determining whether a first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel includes at least one audio code; and

extracting the at least one audio code from the first audio frequency signal when the first audio frequency signal includes the at least one audio code.

2. A method as defined by claim 1 , further comprising buffering a second audio frequency signal from a second audio channel while determining whether the first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel includes the at least one audio code.

3. A method as defined by claim 2 , wherein buffering the second audio frequency signal comprises buffering a predetermined time interval of the second audio frequency signal.

4. A method as defined by claim 3 , further comprising extracting the at least one audio code from the buffered predetermined time interval of the second audio frequency signal, when the second audio frequency signal includes the at least one audio code.

5. A method as defined by claim 1 , wherein the ranking dependent on one or more of signal to noise ratio of the audio frequency signals, the amplitude of the audio frequency signals, or a number of times the audio frequency signal has been successfully decoded to yield an audio code.

6. A method as defined by claim 1 , further comprising identifying a content of the audio frequency signals based on the extracted at least one audio code.

7. A method as defined by claim 1 , further comprising:

receiving a digital programming bitstream;

de-multiplexing an audio component from the digital programming bitstream; and

de-multiplexing the audio component into the plurality of audio frequency signals on the plurality of audio channels.

8. A system to extract audio codes comprising:

a multiplexer to receive audio frequency signals on a plurality of audio channels;

a ranker to rank the audio frequency signals based on at least one characteristic of the audio frequency signals;

a channel selector to select a first audio channel from the plurality of audio channels based upon the ranking of the audio frequency signals; and

a decoder to determine whether a first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel includes at least one audio code and to extract the at least one audio code from the first audio frequency signal when the first audio frequency signal includes the at least one audio code.

9. A system as defined by claim 8 , wherein the multiplexer is configured to buffer a second audio frequency signal from a second audio channel while the decoder determines whether the first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel includes the at least one audio code.

10. A system as defined by claim 8 , wherein the ranker ranks the audio frequency signals based on one or more of signal to noise ratio of the audio frequency signals, the amplitude of the audio frequency signals, or a number of times the audio frequency signal has been successfully decoded to yield an audio code.

11. A system as defined by claim 8 , further comprising:

a de-multiplexer to receive a digital programming bitstream and to de-multiplex an audio component from the digital programming bitstream, wherein the de-multiplexer further de-multiplexes the audio component into the plurality of audio frequency signals on the plurality of audio channels.

12. An article comprising a machine-accessible medium having a plurality of machine accessible instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to:

receive audio frequency signals on a plurality of audio channels;

rank the audio frequency signals based on at least one characteristic of the audio frequency signals;

select a first audio channel from the plurality of audio channels based upon the ranking of the audio frequency signals; and

determine whether a first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel includes at least one audio code; and

extract the at least one audio code from the first audio frequency signal when the first audio frequency signal includes the at least one audio code.

13. An article as defined by claim 12 , further comprising machine accessible instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to buffer a second audio frequency signal from a second audio channel while the decoder determines whether the first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel includes the at least one audio code.

14. An article as defined by claim 12 , further comprising machine accessible instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to rank the audio frequency signals based on one or more of signal to noise ratio of the audio frequency signals, the amplitude of the audio frequency signals, or a number of times the audio frequency signal has been successfully decoded to yield an audio code.

15. An article as defined by claim 12 , further comprising machine accessible instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to:

receive a digital programming bitstream;

de-multiplex an audio component from the digital programming bitstream; and

de-multiplex the audio component into the plurality of audio frequency signals on the plurality of audio channels.

16. A method to extract an audio code, comprising:

selecting a first audio channel from a plurality of audio channels;

receiving a first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel;

determining whether the first audio frequency signal exceeds a predetermined threshold of at least one characteristic of audio frequency signals on the plurality of audio channels; and

if the first audio frequency signal exceeds the predetermined threshold of the at least one characteristic of the audio frequency signals:

(a) determining whether the first audio frequency signal includes at least one audio code; and

(b) extracting the at least one audio code from the first audio frequency signal.

17. A method as defined by claim 16 , further comprising buffering a second audio frequency signal from a second audio channel while receiving the first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel.

18. A method as defined by claim 17 , further comprising:

selecting the second audio channel from the plurality of audio channels, when the first audio frequency signal is less than the predetermined threshold of the at least one characteristic of the audio frequency signals and the at least one audio code is absent from the first audio frequency signal;

receiving the second audio frequency signal on the second audio channel;

determining whether the second audio frequency signal exceeds the predetermined threshold of at least one characteristic of the audio frequency signals; and

determining whether the second audio frequency signal includes the at least one audio code.

19. A system to extract audio codes, comprising:

a multiplexer to select a first audio channel from a plurality of audio channels and to receive a first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel, the multiplexer further configured to determine whether the first audio frequency signal exceeds a predetermined threshold of at least one characteristic of audio frequency signals on the plurality of audio channels; and

a decoder to determine whether the first audio frequency signal includes at least one audio code and to extract the at least one audio code from the first audio frequency signal.

20. A system as defined by claim 19 , wherein the multiplexer buffers a second audio frequency signal from a second audio channel while receiving the first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel.

21. An article comprising a machine-accessible medium having a plurality of machine accessible instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to:

select a first audio channel from a plurality of audio channels;

receive a first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel;

determine whether the first audio frequency signal exceeds a predetermined threshold of at least one characteristic of audio frequency signals on the plurality of audio channels;

determine whether the first audio frequency signal includes at least one audio code; and

extract the at least one audio code from the first audio frequency signal.

22. An article as defined by claim 21 , further comprising machine accessible instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to buffer a second audio frequency signal from a second audio channel while receiving the first audio frequency signal on the first audio channel.

Assignments (12)
RELEASE (REEL 053473 / FRAME 0001) Recorded May 11, 2023
From: CITIBANK, N.A.
To: A. C. NIELSEN COMPANY, LLC; EXELATE, INC.; GRACENOTE, INC.; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC; NETRATINGS, LLC
Reel/Frame 063603/0001 →
RELEASE (REEL 054066 / FRAME 0064) Recorded May 11, 2023
From: CITIBANK, N.A.
To: A. C. NIELSEN COMPANY, LLC; EXELATE, INC.; GRACENOTE, INC.; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC; NETRATINGS, LLC
Reel/Frame 063605/0001 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded May 8, 2023
From: GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; GRACENOTE, INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
To: ARES CAPITAL CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 063574/0632 →
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Apr 28, 2023
From: GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; GRACENOTE, INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
To: CITIBANK, N.A.
Reel/Frame 063561/0381 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Jan 31, 2023
From: GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; GRACENOTE, INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
To: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.
Reel/Frame 063560/0547 →
RELEASE (REEL 018207 / FRAME 0607) Recorded Oct 13, 2022
From: CITIBANK, N.A.
To: VNU MARKETING INFORMATION, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC
Reel/Frame 061749/0001 →
CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE PATENTS LISTED ON SCHEDULE 1 RECORDED ON 6-9-2020 PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 053473 FRAME 0001. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE SUPPLEMENTAL IP SECURITY AGREEMENT. Recorded Oct 7, 2020
From: A.C. NIELSEN (ARGENTINA) S.A.; A.C. NIELSEN COMPANY, LLC; ACN HOLDINGS INC.; ACNIELSEN CORPORATION; ACNIELSEN ERATINGS.COM; AFFINNOVA, INC.; ART HOLDING, L.L.C.; ATHENIAN LEASING CORPORATION; CZT/ACN TRADEMARKS, L.L.C.; EXELATE, INC.; GRACENOTE, INC.; GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; NETRATINGS, LLC; NIELSEN AUDIO, INC.; NIELSEN CONSUMER INSIGHTS, INC.; NIELSEN CONSUMER NEUROSCIENCE, INC.; NIELSEN FINANCE CO.; NIELSEN FINANCE LLC; NIELSEN INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC.; NIELSEN MOBILE, LLC; NMR INVESTING I, INC.; TCG DIVESTITURE INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC; VIZU CORPORATION; VNU MARKETING INFORMATION, INC.; NMR LICENSING ASSOCIATES, L.P.; NIELSEN HOLDING AND FINANCE B.V.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY B.V.; VNU INTERNATIONAL B.V.
To: CITIBANK, N.A
Reel/Frame 054066/0064 →
SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Jun 9, 2020
From: A. C. NIELSEN COMPANY, LLC; ACN HOLDINGS INC.; ACNIELSEN CORPORATION; ACNIELSEN ERATINGS.COM; AFFINNOVA, INC.; ART HOLDING, L.L.C.; ATHENIAN LEASING CORPORATION; CZT/ACN TRADEMARKS, L.L.C.; EXELATE, INC.; GRACENOTE, INC.; GRACENOTE DIGITAL VENTURES, LLC; GRACENOTE MEDIA SERVICES, LLC; NETRATINGS, LLC; NIELSEN AUDIO, INC.; NIELSEN CONSUMER INSIGHTS, INC.; NIELSEN CONSUMER NEUROSCIENCE, INC.; NIELSEN FINANCE CO.; NIELSEN FINANCE LLC; NIELSEN INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC.; NIELSEN MOBILE, LLC; NIELSEN UK FINANCE I, LLC; NMR INVESTING I, INC.; TCG DIVESTITURE INC.; TNC (US) HOLDINGS, INC.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC; VIZU CORPORATION; VNU MARKETING INFORMATION, INC.; NMR LICENSING ASSOCIATES, L.P.; NIELSEN HOLDING AND FINANCE B.V.; THE NIELSEN COMPANY B.V.; VNU INTERNATIONAL B.V.
To: CITIBANK, N.A.
Reel/Frame 053473/0001 →
MERGER Recorded Jun 29, 2009
From: NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, LLC (FORMERLY KNOWN AS NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, INC.)
To: NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC, THE
Reel/Frame 022892/0551 →
SECURITY AGREEMENT Recorded Sep 7, 2006
From: NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, INC.; AC NIELSEN (US), INC.; BROADCAST DATA SYSTEMS, LLC; VNU MARKETING INFORMATION, INC.
To: CITIBANK, N.A., AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Reel/Frame 018207/0607 →
THE ASSIGNEE LISTED ON THE ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL 018066 FRAME 0692 WAS INCORRECT. Recorded Aug 21, 2006
From: WRIGHT, DAVID H.; NELSON, DANIEL; SCHWERER, RONALD G.
To: NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, INC.
Reel/Frame 018149/0586 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jul 3, 2006
From: WRIGHT, DAVID H.; NELSON, DANIEL; SCHWERER, RONALD G.
To: SBC KNOWLEDGE VENTURES, L.P.
Reel/Frame 018066/0692 →