Lithium Rechargeable Battery
A lithium rechargeable battery comprising a series of electrochemical cells each having an Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode, an LiFePO 4 based cathode, an electrolyte and a separator between the anode from the cathode, wherein each electrochemical cell comprises an excess of LiFePO 4 based cathode relative to the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode to prevent permanently damaging the electrochemical cell in an over-discharge.
1 . A lithium rechargeable battery comprising a plurality of electrochemical cells, each said electrochemical cells comprising an Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode, an LiFePO 4 based cathode, an electrolyte and a separator between said anode from said cathode, wherein each said electrochemical cell comprises an excess of LiFePO 4 based cathode relative to the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode to prevent permanently damaging at least one of said plurality of electrochemical cells in an over-discharge condition.
2 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the electrolyte includes at least one solvent and a salt.
3 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is a liquid or gelled electrolyte comprising an aprotic solvent and an alkali metal salt.
4 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is a liquid or gelled electrolyte comprising a polar solvent and an alkali metal salt.
5 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 characterized in that the electrolyte is a polymer, copolymer or terpolymer, gelled by a polar liquid containing at least one metallic salt in solution.
6 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 characterized in that the electrolyte is a polymer, copolymer or terpolymer, solvating and containing at least one metallic salt in solution.
7 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is an ionic liquid.
8 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the separator is a liquid or gelled electrolyte comprising an aprotic solvent and an alkali metal salt soaked in a microporous separator.
9 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the separator is a polar solvent and an alkali metal salt soaked in a microporous separator.
10 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the separator is a polymer, copolymer or terpolymer, gelled by a polar liquid containing at least one metallic salt in solution soaked in a microporous separator.
11 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the separator is an ionic liquid soaked in a microporous separator.
12 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the excess of LiFePO 4 based cathode relative to the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode is less than 5%.
13 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the excess of LiFePO 4 based cathode relative to the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode is less than 10%.
14 . A lithium rechargeable battery as defined in claim 1 wherein the excess of LiFePO 4 based cathode relative to the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 based anode is less than 20%.