Solid biocidal compositions and methods of using the same
The present invention relates to stable, pH self-adjusting, solid compositions for the preparation of a biocide useful in preventing or inhibiting the growth of living organism in liquids.
1 . A solid dual agent composition comprising:
a) a solid hypohalite;
b) a solid nitrogen source; and
c) a component which is either:
i) a solid pH control material that has at least one secondary function as a diluent, stabilizer, anti-caking agent, binder or desiccant; or
ii) a combination of a solid pH control material and a diluent, stabilizer, anti-caking agent, binder, desiccant, or combination thereof; wherein said dual agent composition forms a biocidal mixture when combined with water.
2 . The composition of claim 1 wherein said solid hypohalite is calcium hypochlorite.
3 . The composition of claim 1 wherein said solid nitrogen source is an ammonium salt or organic amine.
4 . The composition of claim 1 wherein said solid pH control material or said solid pH control material that has at least one secondary function maintains the biocidal mixture at a pH of about 8 to about 13.
5 . The composition of claim 1 wherein said solid pH control material that has at least one secondary function is an inorganic salt of carbonate, phosphate, acetate, hydrogen phthalate, or hydroxide.
6 . The composition of claim 1 wherein said solid pH control material has no secondary function as a diluent or stabilizer.
7 . The composition of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of N in the solid nitrogen source to halogen in the solid hypohalite is about 2:1 to about 0.5:1.
8 . The composition of claim 1 wherein said solid hypohalite and said solid nitrogen source together comprise about 5 to about 30% by weight of the total composition.
9 . The composition of claim 1 further comprising a desiccant.
10 . The composition of claim 1 further comprising a stabilizer.
11 . The composition of claim 10 wherein the stabilizer is sodium chloride.
12 . The composition of claim 1 further comprising a diluent, anticaking agent, or combination thereof.
13 . The composition of claim 12 wherein said diluent, anticaking agent, or combination thereof comprises an inorganic salt.
14 . The composition of claim 1 consisting essentially of:
a) a solid hypohalite;
b) an ammonium salt; and
c) a solid pH control material that has at least one secondary function as a diluent, stabilizer, anti-caking agent, binder or desiccant.
15 . The composition of claim 14 wherein said solid hypohalite and said ammonium salt together comprise about 5 to about 30% by weight of the total composition.
16 . The composition of claim 14 wherein said solid pH control material comprises about 20 to about 90% by weight of the total composition.
17 . The composition of claim 14 wherein said solid pH control material comprises an inorganic salt of carbonate.
18 . The composition of claim 1 comprising:
a) about 5 to about 30% by weight of said solid hypohalite and said solid nitrogen source, together;
b) about 20 to about 80% by weight of said solid pH control material that has at least one secondary function; and
c) about 15 to about 75% by weight of desiccant.
19 . The composition of claim 1 comprising:
a) about 5 to about 30% by weight of said solid hypohalite and said solid nitrogen source, together;
b) about 40 to about 95% by weight of said pH control material having at least one secondary function as a diluent and at least one secondary function as a desiccant; and
c) 0 to about 55% by weight of a further solid pH control material, a desiccant, a stabilizer, or combination thereof.
20 . The composition of claim 1 comprising:
a) about 5 to about 30% by weight of said solid hypohalite and said solid nitrogen source, together;
b) said combination of about 1 to about 5% by weight of solid pH control material and about 1 to about 79% by weight of diluent, stabilizer, anti-caking agent, binder, or combination thereof;
c) about 15 to about 50% by weight of desiccant; and
d) about 0.2 to about 5% by weight of disintegrant, glidant, or combination thereof.
21 . The composition of claim 1 comprising:
a) about 5 to about 30% by weight of solid hypohalite and solid nitrogen source, together;
b) about 20 to about 80% by weight of solid pH control material that has at least one secondary function as a diluent, anti-caking agent, binder or desiccant; and
c) about 40 to about 75% by weight of stabilizer.
22 . The composition of claim 21 wherein said stabilizer comprises sodium chloride.
23 . A system comprising a first solid single agent composition and a second solid single agent composition separate from said first solid single agent composition, wherein said first solid single agent composition comprises:
a) a solid nitrogen source;
b) a pH control material;
and wherein said second solid single agent composition comprises:
a) a solid hypohalite;
wherein said first solid single agent composition and said second solid single agent composition together form a biocidal mixture when combined with water.
24 . The system of claim 23 wherein said first solid single agent composition comprises:
a) about 10 to about 80% by weight of said solid nitrogen source;
b) about 1 to about 90% by weight of said solid pH control material; and
c) about 0 to about 60% by weight of a desiccant.
d) about 0 to about 60% by weight of a solid diluent, binder, anticaking agent, or combination thereof.
25 . The system of claim 23 wherein said second solid single agent composition comprises:
a) about 10 to about 100% by weight of said solid hypohalite; and
b) about 0 to about 90% by weight of said desiccant.
c) about 0 to about 60% by weight of a solid pH control material; and
d) about 0 to about 60% by weight of a solid diluent, binder, anticaking agent, or combination thereof.
26 . The system of claim 23 wherein said solid nitrogen source is an ammonium salt.
27 . The system of claim 23 wherein said pH control material comprises an inorganic salt of carbonate or inorganic salt of hydroxide.
28 . The system of claim 23 wherein said first solid single agent composition further comprises a desiccant.
29 . The system of claim 28 wherein said desiccant comprises anhydrous calcium sulfate.
30 . A method of preparing a biocidal mixture comprising combining the composition of claim 1 with an amount of water suitable for producing a peak haloamine concentration of about 10 to about 10,000 ppm.
31 . The method of claim 30 wherein the weight ratio of water to composition is about 1000:1 to about 5:1.
32 . A method of preparing a biocidal mixture comprising combining said first and second solid single agent compositions of the system of claim 23 with an amount of water suitable for producing a peak haloamine concentration of about 10 to about 10,000 ppm.
33 . The method of claim 32 wherein the weight ratio of water to the total of said first and second solid single agent compositions is about 1000:1 to about 5:1.
34 . A method of preventing or inhibiting the growth of living organisms in a liquid comprising:
a) preparing a biocidal mixture according to claim 30; and
b) treating said liquid with said biocidal mixture.
35 . A method of preventing or inhibiting the growth of living organisms in a liquid comprising:
a) preparing a biocidal mixture according to claim 32; and
b) treating said liquid with said biocidal mixture.