Electrodes linked via oligomers to nucleic acids
The invention relates to nucleic acids covalently coupled to electrodes via conductive oligomers. More particularly, the invention is directed to the site-selective modification of nucleic acids with electron transfer moieties and electrodes to produce a new class of biomaterials, and to methods of making and using them.
1. A composition comprising:
a) an electrode comprising:
i) a monolayer; and
ii) a first nucleic acid covalently attached to said electrode via a spacer; and
b) a second nucleic acid comprising at least one electron transfer moiety (ETM) covalently attached to said second nucleic acid.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said spacer is a conductive oligomer.
3. A compositions according to claim 1 wherein said spacer is an insulator.
4. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said spacer comprises alkyl chains.
5. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said second nucleic acid comprises a plurality of ETMs.
6. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said ETM is a metallocene.
7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein said metallocene is ferrocene.
8. A composition according to claim 7 wherein said ferrocene is a ferrocene derivative.
9. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said monolayer comprises conductive oligomers.
10. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said monolayer comprises insulators.
11. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising a target sequence, wherein said target sequence, said first nucleic acid, and said second nucleic acid form a hybridization complex.
12. A composition according to claim 11 wherein said target sequence comprises a first domain and a second domain, wherein said first nucleic acid hybridizes to said first domain and said second nucleic acid hybridizes to said second domain.