Titanium-containing lubricating oil composition
View Patent ↗A lubricating oil composition comprising a) an oil of lubricating viscosity having a viscosity index of at least about 95; b) at least one calcium detergent; c) at least one oil soluble titanium compound; d) at least one friction modifier; and e) at least one metal dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate compound. The composition has a Noack volatility of about 15 wt. % or less, and contains from about 0.05 to about 0.6 wt. % calcium from the calcium detergent, titanium metal in an amount of at least about 10 ppm up to about 1500 ppm titanium from the titanium compound, and phosphorus from the metal dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate compound in an amount up to about 0.1 wt. %.
1. A fully formulated lubricating oil composition comprising:
a) an oil of lubricating viscosity having a viscosity index of at least about 95;
b) at least one calcium detergent;
c) at least one oil soluble titanium compound derived from a titanium alkoxide and a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of a non-linear mono-carboxylic acid and a carboxylic acid having more than 22 up to 25 carbon atoms;
d) at least one friction modifier; and
e) at least one zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound, wherein said composition is substantially free of molybdenum, has a Noack volatility of about 15 wt. % or less, from about 0.05 to about 0.6 wt. % calcium from the calcium detergent, titanium in an amount of from about 10 ppm to about 1500 ppm from the titanium compound, and phosphorus from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound in an amount up to about 0.1 wt. % and wherein lubricating oil composition is substantially devoid of titanium compounds containing phosphorus atoms.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said calcium detergent is selected from the group consisting of calcium phenates, calcium salicylates, calcium sulfonates, and mixtures thereof.
3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said calcium detergent is an overbased calcium sulfonate.
4. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein said overbased calcium sulfonate has a total base number ranging from about 150 to about 450.
5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said titanium from a titanium compound is present in an amount of about 50 ppm to about 500 ppm.
6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said titanium compound comprises a reaction product of a titanium alkoxide and an about C 6 to about C 25 non-linear mono-carboxylic acid.
7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said carboxylic acids are selected from the group consisting essentially of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, phenylacetic acid, benzoic acid, neodecanoic acid, and mixtures thereof.
8. The composition according to claim 7 , wherein said carboxylic acid comprises neodecanoic acid.
9. The composition according to claim 1 wherein said titanium compound comprises a compound substantially devoid of sulfur and phosphorus atoms.
10. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one friction modifier is present in an amount ranging from about 0.20 wt. % to about 2.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition.
11. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one friction modifier comprises an ester.
12. The composition according to claim 11 , wherein said ester comprises glycerol monooleate.
13. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one friction modifier comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated amines, alkoxylated ether amines, and thiadiazoles.
14. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition contains from about 0.025 wt. % to about 0.1 wt. % phosphorus from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.
15. The composition according to claim 14 , wherein said composition contains from about 0.025 wt. % to about 0.075 wt. % phosphorus from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.
16. The composition according to claim 15 , wherein said composition contains from about 0.025 wt. % to about 0.05 wt. % phosphorus from the zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate compound.
17. A method for improving the fuel economy and fuel economy retention properties of an internal combustion engine, which comprises: (1) adding to said engine the lubricating oil composition of claim 1 ; and (2) operating said engine.
18. A method for improving the anti-wear protection of an internal combustion engine comprising the steps of: (1) adding a lubricating oil composition of claims 1 ; and (2) operating the engine.
19. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the titanium compound comprises a reaction product of titanium isopropoxide and neodecanoic acid.