Gemini silicone surfactant compositions and associated methods

1. A composition comprising:

A first hydrophobic moiety linked to a spacer, which is linked to a second hydrophobic moiety to form a Gemini surfactant, wherein each hydrophobic moiety comprises silicon,

wherein the first hydrophobic moiety and the second hydrophobic moiety each comprise one or more organosiloxane group or organosilane group, and

wherein one or both of the first hydrophobic or second hydrophobic moiety comprises an organosiloxane group having a formula (IV), (V), (VIII), (IX), (X), or (XI):

(IV) (R 2 R 3 R 4 SiO 1/2 ) 2 (R 5 R 6 SiO 2/2 ) a (R 7 SiO 2/2 —

(V) (R 8 R 9 R 10 SiO 1/2 )(R 11 R 12 SiO 2/2 ) b (R 13 R 14 SiO 2/2 )—

(VIII) (R 15 R 16 R 17 Si) 2 (R 18 R 19 Si) a (R 20 Si)—

(IX) (R 21 R 22 R 23 Si)(R 24 R 25 Si) b (R 26 R 27 Si)—

(X) R 28 R 29 R 30 Si) 2 (CR 31 R 32 ) a (R 33 Si)—

(XI) (R 34 R 35 R 36 Si)(CR 37 R 38 ) b (R 39 R 40 Si)—

with R 2 to R 40 independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a C 1 C 30 aliphatic radical, a C 3 -C 30 aromatic radical, or a C 3 -C 30 cycloaliphatic radical, “a” independently at each occurrence an integer from 0 to 50, “b” an integer from 1 to 50, wherein the spacer comprises one or more of an carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfuric acid group, a sulfinic acid group, a phosphonic acid group, a boronic acid group, a fatty acid group, or a fatty acid ester group.