Process for manufacture of Nematode-extracted Anticoagulant Protein (NAP)

1. A process for producing a nematode-extracted anticoagulant protein (NAP) comprising:

(a) culturing host cells encoding a NAP selected from the group consisting of rNAPc2 and rNAPc2/proline under conditions that result in expression of the NAP;

(b) recovering NAP from said host cells in a recovery process that does not use centrifugation to remove cells and comprises separating NAP from said host cells and cellular debris to produce a recovered NAP preparation, wherein said recovery process comprises expanded-bed cation exchange chromatography; and

(c) purifying a NAP from said recovered NAP preparation in a purification process that does not use reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography and that comprises performing hydrophobic interaction chromatography, wherein said recovering and purifying with hydrophobic interaction chromatography are conducted at a pH below pH 4.

2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the purification process further comprises introducing the purified NAP into a final drug formulation.

3. The process of claim 2 , further comprising performing a fill process on the final drug formulation to produce a NAP drug product.

4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the NAP is rNAPc2/proline.

5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the NAP is rNAPc2/proline.

6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the host is Pichia pastoris.

7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the purification process comprises collecting NAP fractions from the hydrophobic interaction chromatography, performing at least one ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) on the NAP fractions to provide a NAP solution, performing anion exchange chromatography on the NAP solution, and collecting NAP fractions from the anion exchange chromatography, wherein the NAP fractions contain NAP.

8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the hydrophobic interaction chromatography is performed at about pH 3.0±0.1.

9. The process of claim 7 , further comprising performing at least one final UF/DF of fractions from the anion exchange chromatography.

10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the UF/DF exchanges the NAP into a final drug formulation buffer to generate a NAP drug product.

11. The process of claim 3 , wherein the fill process comprises bulk filtering the NAP in the final drug formulation.

12. The process of claim 11 , further comprising a fill step of dispensing NAP in dosage form to produce a NAP drug product.

13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the fill process further comprises lyophilizing the NAP drug product.

14. A process for producing an rNAPc2/proline comprising:

(a) providing Pichia pastoris host cells encoding rNAPc2/proline;

(b) fermenting said host cells in a fermentation process that comprises a seed fermentation to grow host cells to a desired cell density and a production fermentation process that comprises in sequential order glycerol batch fermentation, glycerol fed-batch fermentation, methanol adaptation fermentation, and methanol induction fermentation, for up to about seven days, wherein said fermenting is conducted at a pH below pH 4;

(c) recovering an rNAPc2/proline substance from said fermented host cells in a recovery process that does not use centrifugation to remove cells and that comprises cation exchange expanded bed chromatography to separate rNAPc2/proline from cells and cellular debris, wherein said recovering is conducted at a pH below pH 4; and

(d) purifying rNAPc2/proline from the recovered rNAPc2/proline substance in a purification process that does not use reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography and that comprises performing hydrophobic interaction chromatography utilizing hydrophobic interaction chromatography media wherein said hydrophobic interaction chromatography is conducted at a pH below pH 4, collecting rNAPc2/proline fractions from said hydrophobic interaction chromatography, performing at least one ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) on the rNAPc2/proline fractions to provide an rNAPc2/proline solution, performing anion exchange chromatography on the rNAPc2/proline solution, and collecting rNAPc2/proline fractions containing the rNAPc2/proline from the anion exchange chromatography.

15. The process of claim 14 , further comprising controlling temperature for fermentation.

16. The process of claim 15 , comprising maintaining the temperature of the methanol adaptation fermentation at about 28±2° C. for about the first four hours and at about 25±1° C. for the remainder of the methanol adaptation fermentation.

17. The process of claim 14 , comprising maintaining the pH at about 2.9±0.1 during the methanol adaptation fermentation and the methanol induction fermentation.

18. The process of claim 14 , wherein the cation exchange resin expanded bed chromatography is performed at a pH of about 3.2.±0.2.

19. The process of claim 14 , wherein the hydrophobic interaction chromatography is performed at about pH 3.0±0.1.

20. The process of claim 14 , further comprising performing at least one final UF/DF of fractions from the anion exchange chromatography.

21. The process of claim 14 further comprising: (i) introducing the purified rNAPc2/proline into a final drug formulation, (ii) performing a fill process comprising bulk filtration of the rNAPc2/proline in the final drug formulation, and (iii) performing a fill step comprising dispensing rNAPc2/proline in dosage form into a container to generate an rNAPc2/proline liquid drug product.

22. The process of claim 21 further comprising lyophilizing the rNAPc2/proline liquid drug product in the container.

23. A process for producing a nematode-extracted anticoagulant protein (NAP) selected from the group consisting of rNAPc2 or rNAPc2/proline, said process consisting essentially of:

(a) providing Pichia pastoris host cells encoding said NAP;

(b) fermenting said host cells in a fermentation process that comprises a seed fermentation to grow host cells to a desired cell density and a production fermentation process that comprises in sequential order glycerol batch fermentation, glycerol fed-batch fermentation, methanol adaptation fermentation, and methanol induction fermentation, for up to about seven days, wherein the temperature of the methanol adaptation fermentation is maintained at about 28 ±2° C. for about the first four hours and at about 25±1° C. for the remainder of the methanol adaptation fermentation and the pH is maintained at about 2.9±0.1 during the methanol adaptation fermentation and the methanol induction fermentation;

(c) recovering NAP from said fermented host cells in a recovery process that comprises cation exchange expanded bed chromatography to separate NAP from cells and cellular debris, wherein the cation exchange expanded bed chromatography is performed at a pH of about 3.2.±0.2; and

(d) purifying NAP from the separated NAP from step (c) in a purification process comprising:

(i) performing hydrophobic interaction chromatography at about pH 3.0±0.1;

(ii) collecting NAP fractions from said hydrophobic interaction chromatography;

(iii) performing at least one ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) on the NAP fractions to provide a NAP solution;

(iv) performing anion exchange chromatography on the NAP solution;

(v) collecting fractions containing NAP from the anion exchange chromatography; and

(vi) performing at least one UF/DF of NAP fractions from the anion exchange chromatography.

24. The process of claim 23 , wherein the NAP is rNAPc2.

25. The process of claim 23 , wherein the NAP is rNAPc2/proline.