Polymer surfaces for insitu synthesis of polymer arrays
In one aspect of the present invention polymers are used to create films providing three-dimensional array substrates. The films were stable and presented good hydroxyl group numbers as compared with arrays without polymer films. It is an object of the present invention that three dimensional arrays substrates provide a means to obtain higher density polymer arrays.
1 . A method for preparing a hydrophilic polymer coating possessing a high degree of hydroxyl groups to a substrate surface to produce a hydrogel, having a pore size, said method comprising the steps of
coating a solution of a mixture of a poly(vinylpyrrolidone), a copolymer containing an N-vinylpyrrolidone, a photoinitiator, and a crosslinker,
photopolymerizing said mixture; and
crosslinking and covalently attaching said mixture to a substrate surface using light of about 250 nm.
2 . A method according to claim 1 wherein said step of coating is spin coating.
3 . A method according to claim 1 wherein said step of coating is dip coating.
4 . A method according to claim 1 wherein said mixture additionally comprises a co-monomer.
5 . A method according to claim 1 wherein said mixture additionally comprises a film softener.
6 . A method according to claim 1 wherein hydrophilic polymer has a molecular weight range of about 5000-100,000.
7 . A method according to claim 1 wherein said hydrophilic polymer is characterized in that the copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone contains a hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, poly(meth)acrylic acid, polyethylene glycols (PEG), poly (meth)acrylic amides, and polyvinyl alcohols.
8 . A method according to claim 4 wherein said co-monomer is a hydrophilic monomer to produce a hydrophilic coating.
9 . A method according to claim 4 wherein said hydrophilic monomer is selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic amides, and vinyl alcohols.
10 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the photoinitiator is 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone.
11 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the photo crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of N-(2-methacryloxyethyl) methacrylamide and bis-ethyleneacrylamide.
12 . A method according to claim 5 wherein said film softener is polyethylene glycol.
13 . A method according to claim 1 wherein said substrate surface further comprises a coating with a polymer containing a photopolymerizable moiety.
14 . A method according to claim 13 wherein said polymer is selected from the group consisting of an acrylate and an acrylamide.
15 . A method according to claim 8 , characterized in that the substrate surface is glass and said hydrophilic coating is selected from the group consisting of 3-acryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane or a 3-acrylamidopropyl trimethoxysilane.
16 . Specifically the hydrophilic coating in claim 9 resulting from the formulation: 10% PVP (mw 10,000), 20% N-(2-methacryloxyethyl)methacrylamide, 2% DMPA, 10% PEG (300), and ethyl lactate as solvent.
17 . A method according to claim 8 where in said hydrophilic coating results from the formulation: 20% PVP (mw 40,000), 2% 2-hydroxyethylacrylamide (Duramide), 4% bis-ethyleneacrylamide, 2% DMPA, and ethyl lactate as solvent.
18 . A method according to claim 8 for preparing a hydrophilic polymer coating possessing a high degree of hydroxyl groups on a substrate surface by spin coating or dip coating a solution of a hydrogel comprising a copolymer containing acrylamide, acrylamides possessing hydroxyl groups and acrylamides possessing electrophilic groups onto a substrate surface derivatized with nucleophilic groups.
19 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the hydrogel is a co-polymer comprising [2-hydroxyethylacrylamide-co-acrylamide-co-N-(3-(chloroacetaminopropyl)methacrylamide)] containing greater than or equal to 6% molar chloroacetamido groups.
20 . The method of claim 13 in which the substrate is glass coated with a polymer containing a thiol group like 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane.
21 . A method according to claim 1 wherein the hydrogel is crosslinked to the thiol surface by incubation of the hydrogel coated glass in Tris pH 8 buffer to form a stable coating covalently attached to the silane surface.
22 . A method according to claim 1 in which the immobilized hydrogel can be crosslinked by treatment of the layer with DTT to form large pore sizes.
23 . A method according to claim 1 in which the film can be thickened by grafting additional layers of hydrogel onto the hydrogel film and crosslinking by treatment with DTT.