Reduced field angle projection display system
A rear projection display system (RPDS) and associated optical system are described with a reduced field angle. The RPDS includes a screen and a housing. The optical system includes a light engine, a first mirror, a second mirror and a Fresnel lens arranged to achieve a thin housing. The light engine is generally disposed in an upper region of the housing, and projects light onto the first mirror, which can be located at a bottom portion of the housing. The first mirror reflects the projected light onto the second mirror, which in turns reflects the light towards the Fresnel lens, which transfers the light onto the screen. A total internal reflection Fresnel lens is used to reduce cost and complexity without sacrificing image quality and housing thinness. An image processing device can also be used to compensate for geometric and optical distortions in the final image displayed on the screen.
1 . A rear projection display system comprising:
a) a housing;
b) a screen disposed at a front side of the housing;
c) a light engine positioned generally in an upper region of the housing to facilitate heat dissipation, the light engine being adapted to project an off-axis beam of light to form a projected image;
d) a first mirror positioned in a lower region of the housing generally opposite the light engine, the first mirror being adapted to reflect the projected image to form a first reflected image that is reflected upward and away from the screen;
e) a second mirror positioned generally opposite the screen, the second mirror being adapted to reflect the first reflected image to form a second reflected image that is directed towards the screen in an off-axis manner with respect to a screen normal, the second reflected image being formed with light rays having a desired angular range with respect to the screen normal to allow collimation via total internal reflection; and,
f) a total internal reflection Fresnel lens positioned generally parallel and adjacent to the screen, the Fresnel lens being adapted to reflect the light rays of the second reflected image along the direction of the screen normal to form a final image that is displayed on the screen.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the system has a D-to-d ratio of at least 6:1, where D is the diagonal length of the screen and d is the thickness of the housing.
3 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the light engine is positioned lower than the top of the screen to reduce the amount by which the top of the housing extends above the top of the screen.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the first mirror is one of a flat mirror, a cylindrical mirror, a spherical mirror, an aspherical mirror, and a non-rotationally symmetric mirror.
5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the second mirror is one of a flat mirror, a cylindrical mirror, a spherical mirror, and an aspherical mirror.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the second mirror is a non-rotationally symmetric mirror.
7 . The system of claim 6 , wherein the second mirror has a vertically oriented concave surface and a horizontally oriented surface with a first varying degree of convex curvature on an upper surface that smoothly transitions to a second varying degree of convex curvature on a lower surface for reducing spatial distortion of the final image displayed on the screen.
8 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the second mirror has a small degree of horizontal convex curvature on an upper portion and a larger degree of horizontal convex curvature on a lower portion for reducing spatial distortion of the final image displayed on the screen.
9 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the second mirror has a slight vertical concave surface.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the first mirror has first and second portions, and wherein the first portion is disposed further away from the screen than the second portion and the first portion has a smaller radius of curvature than the second portion.
11 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the first mirror has first and second portions, and wherein the first portion is disposed further away from the screen than the second portion and the first portion has a smaller radius of curvature than the second portion.
12 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the first mirror is a flat mirror, and the second mirror is vertically and horizontally convex and is non-rotationally symmetric.
13 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the desired angular range is from about 34° to 65°.
14 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the light engine comprises:
g) a light generator to produce a beam of light;
h) at least one micro-display device disposed downstream of the light generator, the at least one micro-display device being adapted to produce a modulated image by modulating the beam of light based on an input image data set; and,
i) a lens assembly disposed downstream of the at least one micro-display device, the lens assembly being adapted to project the modulated image to form the projected image.
15 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the lens assembly comprises an aspherical rotationally non-symmetric lens being shaped to compensate for defocusing caused by the second mirror.
16 . The system of claim 14 , wherein the lens assembly consists of only spherical lens elements.
17 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises an image processor connected to the light engine, the image processor being adapted to correct for geometric and optical distortions in the final image.
18 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the image processor is adapted to correct luminance non-uniformity in the final image.
19 . The system of claim 17 , wherein the image processor is adapted to perform optical distortion correction for each color component separately to eliminate lateral chrominance distortions in the final image.
20 . An optical system for use in a rear projection display system having a housing and a screen, wherein the optical system comprises:
a) a light engine positioned in an upper portion of the optical system, the light engine being adapted to project a beam of light to form a projected image;
b) a first mirror positioned in a lower portion of the optical system, the first mirror being adapted to reflect the projected image to form a first reflected image that is reflected upward and away from the screen;
c) a second mirror positioned to one side of the first mirror, the second mirror being adapted to reflect the first reflected image to form a second reflected image with light rays having a desired angular range with respect to a screen normal of the screen to allow collimation via total internal reflection; and,
d) a total internal reflection Fresnel lens, positioned generally opposite the second mirror, the Fresnel lens being adapted to reflect the light rays of the second reflected image along the direction of the screen normal to form a final image that is displayed on the screen.
21 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the first mirror is one of a flat mirror, a cylindrical mirror, a spherical mirror, an aspherical mirror, and a non-rotationally symmetric mirror.
22 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the second mirror is one of a flat mirror, a cylindrical mirror, a spherical mirror, and an aspherical mirror.
23 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the second mirror is a non-rotationally symmetric mirror.
24 . The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the second mirror has a vertically oriented concave surface and a horizontally oriented surface with a first varying degree of convex curvature on an upper surface that smoothly transitions to a second varying degree of convex curvature on a lower surface for reducing spatial distortion of the final image.
25 . The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the second mirror has a small degree of horizontal convex curvature on an upper portion and a larger degree of horizontal convex curvature on a lower portion for reducing spatial distortion of the final image.
26 . The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the second mirror has a slight vertical concave surface.
27 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the first mirror has first and second portions, and wherein the first portion is disposed further away from the screen than the second portion and the first portion has a smaller radius of curvature than the second portion.
28 . The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the first mirror has first and second portions, and wherein the first portion is disposed further away from the screen than the second portion and the first portion has a smaller radius of curvature than the second portion.
29 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the first mirror is a flat mirror, and the second mirror is a vertically and horizontally convex and non-rotationally symmetric mirror.
30 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the desired angular range is from about 34° to 65°.
31 . The optical system of claim 20 , wherein the light engine comprises:
e) a light generator to produce a beam of light;
f) at least one micro-display device disposed downstream of the light generator, the at least one micro-display device being adapted to produce a modulated image by modulating the beam of light based on an input image data set; and,
g) a lens assembly disposed downstream of the at least one micro-display device, the lens assembly being adapted to project the modulated image to form the projected image.
32 . The optical system of claim 31 , wherein the lens assembly comprises an aspherical rotationally non-symmetric lens being shaped to compensate for defocusing caused by the second mirror.
33 . The optical system of claim 31 , wherein the lens assembly consists of only spherical lens elements.
34 . A method for producing a final image on a screen of a rear projection display system, the display system having a housing, wherein the method comprises:
positioning a light engine in an upper portion of the housing for projecting a beam of light to form a projected image;
positioning a first mirror in a lower portion of the housing for reflecting the projected image to form a first reflected image that is reflected upward and away from the screen;
positioning a second mirror to one side of the first mirror for reflecting the first reflected image to form a second reflected image with light rays having a desired angular range with respect to a screen normal of the screen to allow collimation via total internal reflection; and,
positioning a total internal reflection Fresnel lens generally opposite the second mirror for reflecting the light rays of the second reflected image along the direction of the screen normal to form the final image that is displayed on the screen.
35 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the method includes providing a non-rotationally symmetric mirror for the second mirror.
36 . The method of claim 35 , wherein the method includes providing the second mirror with a vertically oriented concave surface and a horizontally oriented surface with a first varying degree of convex curvature on an upper surface that smoothly transitions to a second varying degree of convex curvature on a lower surface for reducing spatial distortion of the final image.
37 . The method of claim 36 , wherein the method includes providing the second mirror with a small degree of horizontal convex curvature on an upper portion and a larger degree of horizontal convex curvature on a lower portion for reducing spatial distortion of the final image.
38 . The method of claim 36 , wherein the method includes providing the second mirror with a slight vertical concave surface.
39 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the first mirror has first and second portions, the first portion being disposed further away from the screen than the second portion and the method includes providing the first portion with a smaller radius of curvature than the second portion.
40 . The method of claim 34 , wherein the method includes providing a flat mirror for the first mirror, and a vertically and horizontally convex and non-rotationally symmetric mirror for the second mirror.