Lacosamide for add-on therapy of psychosis

1 . A therapeutic combination comprising a first agent and a second agent, wherein the first agent comprises at least one psychosis-treating compound and the second agent comprises at least one compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to Formula (III):

wherein:

R 4 is one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, nitro, carboxy, formyl, carboxyamido, aryl, quaternary ammonium, haloalkyl, aryl alkanoyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, aryloxy, mercapto, alkylthio, alkylmercapto and disulfide;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, aryl, N-alkoxy-N-alkylamino and N-alkoxyamino; and

R 1 is alkyl.

2 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein, in the at least one compound of Formula (III):

R 4 is one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halo;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of lower-alkoxy-lower-alkyl, aryl, N-lower-alkoxy-N-lower-alkylamino, and N-lower-alkoxyamino; and

R 1 is lower alkyl.

3 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein, in the at least one compound of Formula (III):

R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of methoxymethyl, phenyl, N-methoxy-N-methylamino, and N-methoxyamino; and

R 1 is methyl.

4 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the at least one compound of Formula (III) is selected from the group consisting of

(R)-2-acetamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxy-propionamide;

(R)-2-acetamido-N-benzyl-3-ethoxy-propionamide;

O-methyl-N-acetyl-D-serine-m-fluorobenzylamide;

O-methyl-N-acetyl-D-serine-p-fluorobenzylamide;

N-acetyl-D-phenylglycinebenzylamide;

D-1,2-(N,O-dimethylhydroxylamino)-2-acetamide acetic acid benzylamide; and

D-1,2-(O-methylhydroxylamino)-2-acetamide acetic acid benzylamide.

5 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein in the at least one compound of Formula (III):

R4 is one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halo;

R 3 is lower-alkoxy-lower-alkyl; and

R 1 is lower alkyl.

6 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein in the at least one compound of Formula (III):

R 4 is hydrogen;

R 3 is methoxymethyl; and

R 1 is methyl.

7 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the second agent is substantially enantiopure.

8 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the at least one compound of Formula (III) is lacosamide.

9 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the at least one psychosis-treating compound is selected from the group consisting of tricyclic antipsychotics, phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones, dihydroindolones and dibenzoxazepines.

10 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the at least one psychosis-treating compound is selected from the group consisting of amisulpride, aripiprazole, biriperone, bromperidol, carpipramine, clocapramine, clorotepine, clozapine, isofloxythepin, melperone, mosapramine, nemonapride, olanzapine, penfluridol, perospirone, pimazide, pipotiazine palmitate, quetiapine fumarate, risperidone, sulpiride, sultopride, tiapride, timiperone, ziprasidone, zotepine, zuclopenthixol, zuclopenthixol acetate and zuclopenthixol decanoate.

11 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the at least one psychosis-treating compound is selected from the group consisting of clozapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, quetiapine, olanzapine, sulpiride, amisulpride, ziprasidone and zotepine.

12 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the at least one psychosis-treating compound is clozapine.

13 . The combination of claim 1 , wherein the first agent comprises clozapine and the second agent comprises lacosamide.

14 . A co-therapy method for treating psychosis, comprising administering to a subject a first amount of a first agent comprising at least one psychosis-treating compound and a second amount of a second agent comprising at least one compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to Formula (III):

wherein:

R 4 is one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, nitro, carboxy, formyl, carboxyamido, aryl, quaternary ammonium, haloalkyl, aryl alkanoyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, aryloxy, mercapto, alkylthio, alkylmercapto, and disulfide;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, aryl, N-alkoxy-N-alkylamino, and N-alkoxyamino; and

R 1 is alkyl;

and wherein the first amount and second amount together comprise a therapeutically effective combination of the first agent and second agent.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first agent comprises clozapine and the second agent comprises lacosamide.

16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the psychosis is associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, affective disorders, dyskinesias, dyskinesia-related disorders, dementia, mental retardation, polydipsia/hyponatremia, severe personality disorder, acute episodes of mania, obsessive compulsive disorder, intractable chronic insomnia, Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, and dopaminergic therapy of Parkinson's disease.

17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the psychosis is associated with schizophrenia.

18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first agent is administered at a dose of about 1 to about 400 mg/day and the second agent is administered at a dose of about 100 to about 6000 mg/day.

19 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first agent is administered at a dose of about 1 to about 200 mg/day and the second agent is administered at a dose of about 200 to about 1000 mg/day.

20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first agent is administered at a dose of about 5 to about 100 mg/day and the second agent is administered at a dose of about 300 to about 600 mg/day.

21 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the second agent is administered according to a regime wherein daily doses are increased until a predetermined daily dose is reached which is maintained during further treatment.

22 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the second agent is administered in one to three doses per day.

23 . The method of claim 15 , wherein a peak plasma concentration of the second agent of about 0.1 to about 15 μg/ml, calculated as an average over a plurality of treated subjects, is obtained.

24 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the first and second agents are independently administered orally or intravenously.

25 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising a first agent and a second agent, wherein the first agent comprises at least one psychosis-treating compound and the second agent comprises at least one compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, according to Formula (III):

wherein:

R 4 is one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, nitro, carboxy, formyl, carboxyamido, aryl, quaternary ammonium, haloalkyl, aryl alkanoyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, aryloxy, mercapto, alkylthio, alkylmercapto, and disulfide;

R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, aryl, N-alkoxy-N-alkylamino, and N-alkoxyamino; and

R 1 is alkyl.