System and method for fast code phase and carrier frequency acquisition in GPS receiver
View Patent ↗A GPS receiver acquires carrier frequency and Gold code phase using short segments of a received GPS signal. In one embodiment, a 1-ms segment of the GPS signal is transformed to the frequency domain. This is multiplied by a frequency representation of the Gold code. The resulting product is converted to the time domain, and a peak is detected. The location of the peak corresponds to the code phase. If no peak is located, the carrier frequency is changed. Full- and half-bin steps in carrier frequency are considered. Processing gain is achieved by using longer segments of the input signal, for example 4 or 16 ms and integrating 1-ms segments. Considerations are provided for compensating for the effects of a transition, should it occur in the short segment of the GPS signal being processed. Integrations can be performed using non-coherent and coherent techniques. Adjustments are made for non-integral millisecond segment lengths.
1. A system for detecting code phase and carrier frequency in a GPS signal, comprising:
a. means for collecting a multiple millisecond portion of a GPS signal in a GPS receiver;
b. means for performing a coarse acquisition of a carrier frequency and code phase of the GPS signal using non-coherent processing, wherein said non-coherent processing includes:
i. partitioning the multiple millisecond portion of the GPS signal into one millisecond segments, converting each one millisecond segment to the frequency domain;
ii. multiplying each of the converted millisecond segments by a frequency representation of a Gold code corresponding to a GPS satellite in view of the GPS receiver to generate a product;
iii. converting each product to the time domain to obtain a correlation signal between each millisecond segment and the Gold code; and
iv. determining a location of a peak in each correlation signal; and
c. means for performing a fine acquisition of said carrier frequency and code phase of the GPS signal using coherent processing.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition comprises uses a curve fitting routine to refine the location of the peak.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition uses a table lookup method.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition analyzes complex values at locations of said determined peaks.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition analyzes complex values of said determined peaks and a few points on either side of said determined peaks.
6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
means for pre-computing the frequency representation of the Gold code; and
means for storing the pre-computed frequency representation of the Gold code in memory.
7. A method for detecting code phase and carrier frequency in a GPS signal, comprising:
a. performing a coarse acquisition of a carrier frequency and code phase of a GPS signal using non-coherent processing, wherein said non-coherent processing includes:
i. converting individual one millisecond segments of the GPS signal to the frequency domain;
ii. multiplying each of the converted millisecond segments by a frequency representation of a Gold code corresponding to a GPS satellite in view of the GPS receiver to generate a product that enables determination of a location of a peak in a correlation signal; and
b. performing a fine acquisition of said carrier frequency and code phase of the GPS signal using coherent processing.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said performing a fine acquisition uses a curve fitting routine to refine the location of the peak.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein said performing a fine acquisition uses a table lookup method.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein said performing a fine acquisition analyzes complex values at locations of said determined peaks.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said performing a fine acquisition analyzes complex values of said determined peaks and a few points on either side of said determined peaks.
12. The system of claim 7 , further comprising:
pre-computing the frequency representation of the Gold code; and
storing the pre-computed frequency representation of the Gold code in memory.
13. A system for detecting code phase and carrier frequency in a GPS signal, comprising:
a. means for performing a coarse acquisition of a carrier frequency and code phase of a GPS signal using non-coherent processing, wherein said non-coherent processing includes:
i. means for converting individual one millisecond segments of the GPS signal to the frequency domain;
ii. means for multiplying each of the converted millisecond segments by a frequency representation of a Gold code corresponding to a GPS satellite in view of the GPS receiver to generate a product that enables determination of a location of a peak in a correlation signal; and
b. means for performing a fine acquisition of said carrier frequency and code phase of the GPS signal using coherent processing.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition comprises uses a curve fitting routine to refine the location of the peak.
15. The system of claim 13 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition uses a table lookup method.
16. The system of claim 13 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition analyzes complex values at locations of said determined peaks.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein said means for performing a fine acquisition analyzes complex values of said determined peaks and a few points on either side of said determined peaks.
18. The system of claim 1 , wherein said means for performing a coarse acquisition does not use coherent processing.
19. The method of claim 7 , wherein said performing a coarse acquisition comprises performing a coarse acquisition without using coherent processing.
20. The system of claim 13 , wherein said means for performing a coarse acquisition does not use coherent processing.