Electrophotographic image-receiving sheet and image-forming process using the same

1. An image-forming process comprising the steps of:

forming a toner image on an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet, which comprises a support and a toner-receiving layer which contains a polymer on the support;

heating and pressuring a surface of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet on which the toner image is formed with a fixing belt and a roller;

cooling the surface, so as to separate the surface from the fixing belt; and

peeling a surface of the toner receiving layer of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet from a surface of the fixing belt with a separation force of 1 N/m to 20 N/m, when a temperature at the surface of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet is one of 50° C. and 90° C.

2. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the step of cooling is carried out by cooling the toner image to one of a melting point or lower of a binder resin contained in a toner of the toner image, and a glass transition temperature +10° C. or lower of the binder resin.

3. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the toner image-receiving layer contains a polymer, and a surface tension of the polymer (γ p ) (mN/m) at a toner fixing temperature, and a surface tension of the toner (γ t ) (mN/m) at the toner fixing temperature, satisfy the following relation of:

γ p −γ t ≧8.

4. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the contact angle (θ 1 ) (°) of molten toner at fixing temperature towards the surface of the toner image-receiving layer, and the contact angle (θ 2 ) (°) of molten toner at fixing temperature towards the surface of the fixing belt, satisfy the following relation of:

θ 2 −θ 1 ≧10.

5. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the surface free energy (G 1 ) (mN/m) of the surface of the toner image-receiving layer, and the surface free energy (G 2 ) (mN/m) of the surface of the fixing belt satisfy the following relation of:

G 1 −G 2 ≧10.

6. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the value (g p 1 (mN/m) of a polar component of the surface free energy of at the surface of the toner image-receiving layer, and the value (g p 2 ) (mN/m) of the polar component of the surface free energy at the surface of the fixing belt, satisfy the following relation of:

g p 1 −g p 2 ≧0.3.

7. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein a material of the surface of the fixing belt is selected at least from silicone rubber, fluorinated rubber, silicone resin, and fluorinated resin.

8. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the fixing belt has a layer of fluorocarbon siloxane rubber having a uniform thickness.

9. An image-forming process according to claim 8 , wherein the fluorocarbon siloxane rubber has at least one of a perfluoroalkylether group and a perfluoroalkyl group in a main chain thereof.

10. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the fixing belt has a layer of silicone rubber having a uniform thickness, and a layer of fluorocarbon siloxane rubber having a uniform thickness which is formed on the layer of silicone rubber.

11. An image-forming process according to claim 10 , wherein the fluorocarbon siloxane rubber has at least one selected from the group consisting of a perfluoroalkylether group and a perfluoroalkyl group in a main chain thereof.

12. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein at least one layer including the toner image-receiving layer which is formed on a surface of the support contains at least one type of releasing agent selected from a silicone compound, a fluorine compound, wax, and a matting agent.

13. An image-forming process according to claim 12 , wherein a content of the releasing agent is 0.1% by mass to 20% by mass, relative to a mass of at least one layer including the toner image-receiving layer which is formed on a surface of the support.

14. An image forming process according to claim 12 , wherein the wax is natural wax, and the natural wax is one of vegetable wax, mineral wax, and petroleum wax.

15. An image-forming process according to claim 14 , wherein the vegetable wax is carnauba wax having a melting point of 70° C. to 95° C.

16. An image-forming process according to claim 14 , wherein the mineral wax is montan wax having a melting point of 70° C. to 95° C.

17. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a self-dispersing aqueous polyester resin emulsion which satisfies the following properties (1) to (4):

(1) Number average molecular weight (Mn)=5000 to 10000;

(2) Molecular weight distribution (weight average molecular weight/number average molecular weight)≦4;

(3) Glass transition temperature (Tg)=40° C. to 100° C.; and

(4) Volume average particle diameter=20 nmφ to 200 nmφ.

18. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , the support is selected from raw paper, synthetic paper, a synthetic resin sheet, a coated sheet, and a laminated sheet.

19. An image-forming process according to claim 1 , wherein the toner receiving layer receives toners, and the toners contain binder resin, and a colorant, and the toners have an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm to 10 μm, and a volume average particle size distribution index (GSDv) of 1.3 or less.

20. An image-forming process according to claim 19 , wherein a ratio of the volume average particle size distribution index (GSDv) and a number average particle size distribution index (GSDn) is 0.95 or more.

21. An image-forming process according to claim 19 , wherein the toners contain binder resin and a colorant, the toners have an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm to 10 μm, and an average value of a formation friction expressed by the following Formula is 1.00 to 1.50:

Formation coefficient=(π× L 2 )/(4× S )

(where “L” expresses a maximum length of a toner particle, and “S” expresses a projected area of a toner particle).

22. An image-forming process according to claim 19 , wherein the toners are manufactured by a process comprising the steps of:

(i) forming aggregated particles in a dispersion in which resin particles are dispersed, so as to prepare aggregated particle dispersion;

(ii) adding and mixing a fine particle dispersion in which fine particles are dispersed, into the aggregated particle dispersion, so as to form adhesion particles in which the aggregated particles adhere the fine particles; and

(iii) heating and fusing the adhesion particles, so as to form toner particles.

23. An image-forming process comprising the steps of: forming a toner image on an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet, which comprises a support and a toner-receiving layer which contains a polymer on the support;

fixing the toner image with a heat roller;

heating and pressuring a surface of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet on which the toner image is formed with a fixing belt and a roller;

cooling the surface, so as to separate the surface from the fixing belt, and

peeling a surface of the toner receiving layer of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet from a surface of the fixing belt with a separation force of 1 N/m to 20 N/m, when a temperature at the surface of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet is one of 50° C. and 90° C.

24. An image-forming process according to claim 23 , wherein the step of cooling is carried out by cooling the toner image to one of a melting point or lower of a binder resin contained in a toner of the toner image, and a glass transition temperature +10° C. or lower of the binder resin.