Gas distribution garment having a spacer element
A garment for cooling the body of a wearer is described which comprises a substantially gas impermeable first substrate and a gas-permeable second substrate attached to form a cavity. At least one spacer element is provided between the first and second substrates to maintain gas flow in regions likely to be subjected to compression, e.g. by the body of a wear. At least one of the first and second substrates preferably comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a surface within the cavity, and the gas permeable second substrate comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on the surface external to the cavity and proximate to the body of the wearer. The cavity is adapted to be connected to a gas supply such that the gas flows into the cavity and exits the cavity through the gas permeable second substrate. The cooling garment is light weight and conformable, and may be non-tethered for portability.
1. A garment for cooling a body of a wearer comprising:
a substantially gas impermeable first substrate and a gas-permeable second substrate attached around their peripheries forming a cavity there between,
at least one spacer element disposed within the cavity, wherein the at least one spacer element is a helical coil, and
a plurality of raised protrusions on the gas permeable second substrate on the surface external to the cavity and proximate to the body of the wearer;
wherein the cavity is adapted to be connected to a gas supply such that the gas flows into the cavity and exits the cavity through the gas permeable second substrate.
2. The garment of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a surface within the cavity.
3. The garment of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a portion of a surface within the cavity.
4. The garment of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a portion of a surface within the cavity adjacent the spacer element.
5. The garment of claim 1 wherein at least one spacer element is disposed in a first region within the cavity.
6. The garment of claim 5 comprising a plurality of raised protrusions on at least one of the first and second substrates in a second region within the cavity.
7. The garment of claim 1 , wherein at least one spacer element is disposed in the cavity in a region subject to compression by the body of a wearer.
8. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element has a height between about 3 mm and 30 mm.
9. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element has a height between 4 mm and 20 mm.
10. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element has a height greater than the height of the raised protrusions.
11. The garment of claim 2 , wherein the spacer element has a height greater than the height of the raised protrusions within the cavity.
12. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element comprises a plurality of helical coils.
13. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element further comprises a three-dimensional mesh.
14. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element is load bearing.
15. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element is supported within the cavity.
16. The garment of claim 1 wherein the at least one spacer element is affixed to at least one of the first and second cavity substrates.
17. The garment of claim 1 further comprising a support layer for securing the position of the at least one spacer element within the cavity.
18. A garment system comprising the garment of claim 1 and a gas supply for supplying a gas flow to the cavity.
19. The garment system according to claim 18 further comprising a component in fluid communication with the gas flow for conditioning gas in the system.
20. The garment system according to claim 19 wherein the component is a desiccant in vapor communication with the gas.
21. The garment system according to claim 20 where in the component further comprises a phase-change material in thermal communication with the desiccant.
22. A garment for cooling a body of a wearer comprising:
a substantially gas impermeable first substrate and a gas-permeable second substrate attached around their peripheries forming a cavity there between,
at least one spacer element disposed within the cavity, wherein the at least one spacer element is a helical coil, and
at least one additional substrate interposed between the body of the wearer and the gas permeable second substrate of the garment, wherein the at least one additional second substrate comprises a plurality of raised protrusions, and,
wherein the cavity is adapted to be connected to a gas supply such that the gas flows into the cavity and exits the cavity through the gas permeable second substrate.
23. The garment of claim 22 wherein the at least one additional substrate comprises raised protrusions on the surface proximate to the body of the wearer.
24. The garment of claim 22 wherein the at least one spacer element has a height between about 3 mm and 30 mm.
25. The garment of claim 22 wherein the at least one spacer element has a height between 4 mm and 20 mm.
26. The garment of claim 22 wherein the at least one spacer element comprises a plurality of helical coils.
27. The garment of claim 22 wherein the at least one spacer element further comprises a three-dimensional mesh.
28. The garment of claim 22 wherein the at least one spacer element is load bearing.
29. The garment of claim 22 wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a surface within the cavity.
30. The garment of claim 22 wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a portion of a surface within the cavity.
31. A garment system for cooling a the body of a wearer comprising:
a garment comprising a substantially gas impermeable first substrate and a gas-permeable second substrate attached around their peripheries forming a cavity there between,
at least one spacer element having a height between about 3 mm and 30 mm disposed within the cavity, and
a plurality of raised protrusions on the gas permeable second substrate on the surface external to the cavity and proximate to the body of the wearer;
a gas supply for supplying a gas flow to the cavity,
wherein the cavity is adapted to be connected to the gas supply such that the gas flows into the cavity and exits the cavity through the gas permeable second substrate, and
a component in fluid communication with the gas flow for conditioning the gas.
32. The garment system according to claim 31 , wherein the component is a desiccant in vapor communication with the gas.
33. The garment system according to claim 32 , wherein the component further comprises a phase-change material in thermal communication with the desiccant.
34. The garment system of claim 31 wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a surface within the cavity.
35. The garment system of claim 31 wherein at least one of the first and second substrates comprises a plurality of raised protrusions on a portion of a surface within the cavity.
36. The garment system of claim 31 wherein the at least one spacer element has a height between 4 mm and 20 mm.
37. The garment system of claim 31 wherein the at least one spacer element comprises a helical coil.
38. The garment system of claim 31 wherein the at least one spacer element comprises a plurality of helical coils.
39. The garment system of claim 31 wherein the at least one spacer element comprises a three-dimensional mesh.
40. The garment system according to claim 31 , wherein the component changes a temperature of the gas.
41. The garment system according to claim 40 , wherein the temperature of the gas is increased.
42. The garment system according to claim 40 , wherein the temperature of the gas is decreased.
43. The garment system of claim 31 , wherein the conditioning component is a cross-flow desiccant drier.
44. A garment for cooling a body of a wearer comprising:
a substantially gas impermeable first substrate and a gas-permeable second substrate attached around their peripheries forming a cavity there between,
at least one spacer element disposed within the cavity, wherein the at least one spacer element is a three-dimensional mesh, and
at least one additional substrate interposed between the body of the wearer and the gas permeable second substrate of the garment, wherein the at least one additional second substrate comprises a plurality of raised protrusions, and,
wherein the cavity is adapted to be connected to a gas supply such that the gas flows into the cavity and exits the cavity through the gas permeable second substrate.