Nonflammable propellant blend
View Patent ↗Propellants comprising a combination of: (a) a liquid component that is soluble in the organic chemical-based material; (b) a soluble gas component that has a solubility of at least about 3% by weight in the organic chemical-based material; and, (c) a substantially insoluble gas component that has a solubility of less than about 3% by weight of the organic chemical-based material are effective for a wide range of airless applications. Adjustment of the ratios of (a) to (b) to (c) can lead to propellants that provide excellent spray patterns for a wide range of organic chemical-based formulations.
1. A composition being at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, the composition comprising:
an adhesive; and
a propellant blend comprising:
(a) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane;
(b) carbon dioxide gas; and,
(c) nitrogen gas;
wherein the carbon dioxide gas is present in an amount from about 28 weight percent to about 9 weight percent and the nitrogen gas is present in an amount from about 1.6 to about 4 weight percent, based on the weight of the propellant blend.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is present in an amount of from about 10.1 weight % to about 90 weight %, based on the total weight of the propellant blend.
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is present in an amount of from about 30 weight % to about 90 weight %, based on the total weight of the propellant blend.
4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is present in an amount of from about 65 weight % to about 90 weight %, based on the total weight of the propellant blend.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 25 weight %, based on the combined weight of the propellant blend and the adhesive.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carbon dioxide gas has a solubility of from about 3 to about 10 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive, at the pressure of the composition.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane has a solubility of from about 3 to about 6 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive, at the temperature and pressure of the composition.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen gas has a solubility of from about 0 to about 2 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive, at the pressure of the composition.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen gas has a solubility of from about 0 to about 1.5 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive, at the pressure of the composition.
10. A spray system comprising:
a canister;
an adhesive to be sprayed, the adhesive disposed within the canister; and,
a propellant blend disposed within the canister, the blend comprising:
(a) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane;
(b) carbon dioxide gas; and,
(c) nitrogen gas, wherein the carbon dioxide gas is present in an amount from about 28 weight percent to about 9 weight percent and the nitrogen gas is present in an amount from about 1.6 to about 4 weight percent, based on the weight of the propellant blend.
11. The spray system of claim 10 , wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 25 weight %, based on the combined weight of the propellant blend and the adhesive.
12. The spray system of claim 10 , wherein the carbon dioxide gas has a solubility of from about 3 to about 10 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
13. The spray system of claim 10 , wherein the carbon dioxide gas has a solubility of from about 3 to about 6 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
14. The spray system of claim 10 , wherein the nitrogen gas has a solubility of from about 0 to about 2 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
15. The spray system of claim 10 , wherein the nitrogen gas has a solubility of from about 0 to about 1.5 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
16. A method for delivering an adhesive, the method comprising:
charging the adhesive into a canister;
charging a propellant blend into the canister, wherein the propellant blend comprises:
(a) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane;
(b) carbon dioxide gas; and,
(c) nitrogen gas, wherein the carbon dioxide gas is present in an amount from about 28 weight percent to about 9 weight percent and the nitrogen gas is present in an amount from about 1.6 to about 4 weight percent, based on the weight of the propellant blend;
allowing the propellant blend to develop an internal pressure in the canister that is greater than atmospheric pressure; and,
discharging the adhesive from the canister by means of the internal pressure developed by the propellant blend.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adhesive is discharged from the canister through a spray nozzle.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 25 weight %, based on the combined weight of the propellant blend and the adhesive.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the carbon dioxide gas has a solubility of from about 3 to about 10 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the carbon dioxide gas has a solubility of from about 3 to about 6 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
21. The method of claim 16 , wherein the nitrogen gas has a solubility of from about 0 to about 2 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.
22. The method of claim 16 , wherein the nitrogen has a solubility of from about 0 to about 1.5 weight %, based on the weight of the adhesive.