Positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, manufacturing method thereof, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive electrode active material
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: a positive electrode including a positive active material made of a transition-metal-containing complex oxide capable of intercalating lithium ions; a non-aqueous electrolytic solution; and a negative electrode for intercalating and de-intercalating the lithium ions. Provided on the surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide are Li 2 CO 3 , M1 2 CO 3 , and at least one kind of molecules selected from a group represented by R—COOM2. M1 is at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li. Li 2 CO 3 is excluded from M1 2 CO 3 . R is at least one kind of functional groups selected from a group consisting of alkyl group, alkenyl group, and alkynyl group. M2 is at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li.
1 . A positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
a lithium-containing complex oxide capable of intercalating lithium ions;
Li 2 CO 3 provided on a surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide;
M1 2 CO 3 provided on the surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide, M1 being at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li, and Li 2 CO 3 being excluded from M1 2 CO 3 ; and
at least one kind of molecules provided on the surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide and selected from a group represented by R—COOM2, R being at least one kind of functional groups selected from a group consisting of alkyl group, alkenyl group, and alkynyl group, and M2 being at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li.
2 . The positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the lithium-containing complex oxide has a specific surface area at most 1.0 m 2 /g.
3 . A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising:
(1) a positive electrode including a positive active material comprising:
a lithium-containing complex oxide capable of intercalating lithium ions;
Li 2 CO 3 provided on a surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide;
M1 2 CO 3 provided on the surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide, M1 being at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li, and Li 2 CO 3 being excluded from M1 2 CO 3 ; and
at least one kind of molecules provided on the surface of the lithium-coating complex oxide and selected from a group represented by R—COOM2, R being at least one kind of functional groups selected from a group consisting of alkyl group, alkenyl group, and alkynyl group, and M2 being at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li:
(2) a non-aqueous electrolytic solution; and
(3) a negative active material for intercalating and de-intercalating lithium ions.
4 . The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of claim 3 , wherein the lithium-containing complex oxide has a specific surface area at most 1.0 m 2 /g.
5 . A method of fabricating a positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
A) kneading a lithium-containing complex oxide capable of intercalating lithium ion, and a cellulosic in existence of water;
B) drying the kneaded material; and
C) firing the dried material at a temperature of at least 230° C. and less than a temperature causing oxygen deficiency in the lithium-containing complex oxide.
6 . The method of fabricating a positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of claim 5 , wherein the A step comprises:
D) mixing the lithium-containing complex oxide and cellulosic; and
E) adding water to the mixture and kneading the mixture which includes water.
7 . The method of fabricating a positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of claim 5 , wherein, in the A step, the lithium-containing complex oxide and a solution of the cellulosic are kneaded.
8 . The method of fabricating a positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of claim 5 , wherein, an amount of the cellulosic mixed in the lithium-containing complex oxide is at least 0.01 parts by weight and at most 2.0 parts by weight with respect thereto.
9 . The method of fabricating a positive active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of claim 5 , wherein, the cellulosic contains at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethylethyl cellulose.
10 . A method of charging a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the battery comprising:
(1) a positive electrode including a positive active material comprising:
a lithium-containing complex oxide capable of intercalating lithium ions;
Li 2 CO 3 provided on a surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide;
M1 2 CO 3 provided on the surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide, M1 being at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li, and Li 2 CO 3 being excluded from M1 2 CO 3 ; and
at least one kind of molecules provided on the surface of the lithium-containing complex oxide and selected from a group represented by R—COOM2, R being at least one kind of functional groups selected from a group consisting of an alkyl group, alkenyl group, and alkynyl group, and M2 being at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of H, Na, and Li:
(2) a non-aqueous electrolytic solution; and
(3) a negative active material including a carbon material for intercalating lithium ions;
wherein a charge-end voltage of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is at least 4.3 and at most 4.5 V