Hardware configuration for pressure driver
View Patent ↗A pressure driver for a ventilation system comprises a gas source, an inspiration flow control valve and a patient pressure sensor to form a closed loop control system. The inspiration flow control valve may be mounted within a housing and is operative to open and close in response to patient pressure measurements in order to produce a desired pressure at the patient. The pressure driver may further include a mixture control for allowing selective adjustment of the oxygen concentration in pressurized gas delivered to the patient. An oxygen mixer is connected between the gas source and the mixture control and is operative to deliver the desired mixture of oxygen and air to the inspiration flow control valve for delivery to the patient. An oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen concentration in the gas provided by the oxygen mixer.
1. A pressure driver for a ventilation system for ventilating a patient, the pressure driver comprising:
a gas source;
a drive venturi connected to the ventilation system;
a patient pressure sensor operative to measure pressure at the drive venturi; and
an inspiration flow control valve interposed between the gas source and the patient and being operative to open and close in response to patient pressure measurements; and
an exhalation system interconnecting the patient to the gas source and being arranged in parallel with the inspiration flow control valve, the exhalation system being operative to vent exhalation gases from the patient, wherein the exhalation system includes an exhalation valve and an expiratory check valve interconnecting the exhalation valve to the patient, the expiratory check valve being operative to prevent flow in a direction from the exhalation valve to the patient and wherein the exhalation system includes the drive venturi interposed between a voltage sensitive orifice (VSO) valve and the exhalation valve, the drive venture being operative to facilitate the flow of gas.
2. The pressure driver of claim 1 wherein:
the patient pressure sensor and the inspiration flow control valve comprise a closed loop control system operative to generate a control system command in response to the patient pressure measurements; and
the inspiration flow control valve being operative to open and close in response to the control system command for producing a desired pressure delivered to the patient.
3. The pressure driver of claim 2 wherein the control system further includes a proximal pressure sensor operative to detect leakage at the patient.
4. The pressure driver of claim 1 wherein the patient pressure sensor is configured as a pressure transducer.
5. The pressure driver of claim 1 wherein the gas source is operative to deliver a mixture of oxygen and air to the inspiration flow control valve.
6. The pressure driver of claim 5 further including an oxygen sensor operative to measure the oxygen concentration in the gas delivered to the patient.
7. The pressure driver of claim 1 wherein the inspiration flow control valve is configured as a voltage sensitive orifice (VSO) valve.
8. The pressure driver of claim 1 further comprising a safety valve interposed between the patient and the inspiration flow control valve.
9. The pressure driver of claim 8 further comprising an inspiratory check valve interposed between the patient and the inspiration flow control valve and being operative to block the flow in a direction from the patient to the inspiration flow control valve.
10. A pressure driver for a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation system for ventilating a patient, the pressure driver comprising:
a gas source;
a pressure regulator fluidly connected to the gas source and being operative to regulate the pressure of gas from the gas source;
a closed loop control system comprising:
an inspiration flow control valve fluidly connected between the pressure regulator and the patient;
a patient pressure sensor operative to measure pressure delivered to the patient for feedback to the inspiration flow control valve;
an exhalation system extending from the patient in parallel with the inspiration flow control valve, the exhalation system including;
an expiratory check valve configured to prevent flow in a direction toward the patient;
an exhalation valve interconnecting the expiratory check valve to the patient and being operative to vent exhalation gas from the patient;
a drive venturi connected to the exhalation valve and being configured to facilitate the flow of exhalation gas from the exhalation valve; and
a voltage sensitive orifice (VSO) valve connected to the drive venturi and being interconnected between the pressure regulator and the inspiration flow control valve and being operative to regulate the flow of gases from the exhalation valve,
wherein the inspiration flow control valve is operative to open and close in response to patient pressure measurements.
11. The pressure driver of claim 10 wherein the control system further includes a proximal pressure sensor operative to detect leakage at the patient.
12. The pressure driver of claim 10 wherein the gas source includes an oxygen mixer configured to provide a mixture of ambient air and oxygen to the patient.
13. The pressure driver of claim 10 wherein the control system further includes a proximal pressure sensor interposed between the patient and the inspiration flow control valve, the proximal pressure sensor being operative to detect leakage at the patient.
14. The pressure driver of claim 10 further comprising a safety valve interposed between the patient and the inspiration flow control valve and being operative to limit the pressure of gas delivered to the patient.
15. The pressure driver of claim 10 further comprising an inspiratory check valve interposed between the patient and the inspiration flow control valve and being operative to prevent flow in a direction from the patient to the inspiration flow control valve.
16. The pressure driver for a ventilation system for ventilating a patient, the pressure driver comprising:
a housing
a gas source comprising an oxygen port and an air port mounted on the housing;
a patient pressure sensor disposed on the housing and being operative to measure pressure at a drive venturi;
a pressure regulator disposed on the housing and fluidly connected to the gas source and being operative to regulate the pressure of gas flowing therefrom;
an inspiration flow control valve disposed on the housing and interposed between the gas source and the patient, the inspiration flow control valve being operative to open and close in response to patient pressure measurements for producing a desired pressure at the patient;
a mixture control being configured to allow for selective adjustment of the oxygen concentration delivered to the patient;
an oxygen mixer connected to the gas source and being operative to deliver a mixture of oxygen and air to the inspiration flow control valve in response to a setting of the mixture control;
an oxygen sensor operative to measure the oxygen concentration in the gas provided to the patient;
an exhalation system interconnecting the patient to the gas source and being arranged in parallel with the inspiration flow control valve, the exhalation system being operative to vent exhalation gases from the patient, wherein the exhalation system includes an exhalation valve and an expiratory check valve interconnecting the exhalation valve to the patient, the expiratory check valve being operative to prevent flow in a direction from the exhalation valve to the patient and wherein the exhalation system includes the drive venturi interposed between a voltage sensitive orifice (VSO) valve and the exhalation valve, the drive venturi being operative to facilitate the flow of gas.
17. The pressure driver of claim 16 further comprising a filter connected to the oxygen port and being operative to filter oxygen flowing therefrom.
18. The pressure driver of claim 16 further comprising a battery pack operative to power the pressure driver.
19. The pressure driver of claim 16 further comprising a power supply port mounted on the housing and being connectable to an exterior power source for powering the pressure driver.
20. The pressure driver of claim 16 further comprising:
a desired patient pressure indicator operative to indicate the desired pressure of gas delivered to the patient;
an actual patient pressure indicator operative to indicate an actual patient pressure of gas delivered to the patient as measured by the patient pressure sensor.