Compositions and methods providing rumen bypass protein in ruminant diets
The present invention is based on the discovery that moist heat treated ruminant animal feed compositions comprising a fermentation biomass, have increased amounts of proteinaceous matter that escapes fermentation within the rumen. The ruminant animal feed compositions may further comprise, alone or in combination, one or more of an isolated enzyme, an organic acid, a gluten protein, at least one divalent metal ion and at least one plant extract. The proteinaceous matter may then be digested or metabolized in the post-rumen portions of the ruminant digestive system, thereby providing further increased energy and protein levels for ruminant animals during times of increased productivity. Compositions and methods of manufacture of the compositions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed.
1 . An animal feed composition comprising:
an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an isolated enzyme, an organic acid, a fermentation biomass of a eukaryotic cell origin, and combinations of any thereof; and
at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient,
wherein the ingredient and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient are treated with a moist heat treatment, and
wherein upon administration of the animal feed composition to a ruminant, an amount of protein passing through a rumen of the ruminant is increased as compared to an animal feed composition that does not include the ingredient administered to the ruminant.
2 . The animal feed composition of claim 1 , wherein the ingredient comprises a fermentation biomass selected from the group consisting of a yeast, a yeast cream, a yeast biomass, a lysine biomass, a lactic acid fermentation biomass, a citric acid presscake, an ethanol presscake, distiller's yeast, a brewer's yeast biomass, a baker's yeast biomass, and mixtures of any thereof.
3 . The animal feed composition of claim 2 , wherein the ingredient further comprises an organic acid selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, citric acid, aconitic acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, pyrocitric acid, lysine, salts of any thereof, and combinations of any thereof.
4 . The animal feed composition of claim 2 , wherein the ingredient further comprises a gluten protein selected from the group consisting of a corn gluten protein, a rice globulin protein, a wheat gluten protein, and mixtures of any thereof.
5 . The animal feed composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient is selected from the group consisting of soybeans, soybean meal, corn, corn meal, linseed, linseed meal, cottonseed, cottonseed meal, rapeseed, rapeseed meal, sorghum protein, canola meal, and combinations of any thereof.
6 . The animal feed composition of claim 1 , further comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of, a divalent metal ion, a plant extract, and combinations of any thereof.
7 . A method of feeding an animal comprising:
treating a fermentation biomass of a eukaryotic origin and at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient; and
feeding a ruminant an animal feed composition comprising the treated fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient,
wherein an amount of protein passing through a rumen of the ruminant is increased upon administration of the animal feed composition to the ruminant, as compared to an animal feed composition that does not include the treated fermentation biomass and the treated at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient administered to the ruminant.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein treating the fermentation biomass and the least one proteinaceous feed ingredient comprises:
heating the fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient at a moisture content of from 15% to 50%; and
drying the heated fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient to 10% to 15% moisture.
9 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the fermentation biomass is selected from the group consisting of a yeast, a yeast cream, a yeast biomass, a lysine biomass, a lactic acid fermentation biomass, a citric acid presscake, an ethanol presscake, distiller's yeast, a brewer's yeast biomass, a baker's yeast biomass, and combinations of any thereof.
10 . The method of claim 7 , further comprising adding an ingredient selected from the groups consisting of an organic acid, a gluten protein, an isolated enzyme, a divalent metal ion, a plant extract, and combinations of any thereof to the animal feed composition.
11 . The method of claim 7 , wherein treating comprises:
mixing the fermentation biomass and water; and
combining the fermentation biomass and water with the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient to 15% to 50% moisture.
12 . The method of claim 7 , wherein treating the composition comprises:
heating the fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient at a temperature from 87° C. to 116° C. in 15% to 50% moisture for 0.10 hours to 5 hours; and
drying the fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient to 10% to 15% moisture.
13 . The method of claim 7 , further comprising forming the animal feed composition into a form selected from the group consisting of a meal, a pellet, a block, a tub, a premix, an additive, a top-dress, and a liquid feed supplement.
14 . The method of claim 7 , wherein feeding a ruminant the animal feed composition comprises feeding the ruminant animal feed composition in an amount of 0.454 kg/head/day to 3.18 kg/head/day.
15 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the animal feed composition is in the form of a premix and wherein feeding a ruminant the animal feed composition comprises feeding the premix to the ruminant in an amount of 0.09 kg/head/day to 0.454 kg/head/day.
16 . A process for producing a feed supplement comprising:
mixing a composition comprising a fermentation biomass of a eukaryotic origin and at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient;
treating the composition with moist heat; and
forming the composition into a form selected from the group consisting of a meal, a pellet, a block, a tub, a premix, an additive, and a liquid feed supplement.
17 . The process of claim 16 , wherein the fermentation biomass is selected from the group consisting of a yeast, a yeast cream, a yeast biomass, a lysine biomass, a lactic acid fermentation biomass, a citric acid presscake, an ethanol presscake, distiller's yeast, a brewer's yeast biomass, a baker's yeast biomass, and mixtures of any thereof.
18 . The process of claim 16 , further comprising mixing an ingredient with the composition, wherein the ingredient is selected from the group consisting of an organic acid, a gluten protein, an isolated enzyme, a divalent metal ion, a plant extract, and combinations of any thereof.
19 . The process of claim 16 , wherein mixing the composition comprises:
mixing the fermentation biomass and water; and
combining the fermentation biomass and water with the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient to a moisture of 10% to 50%.
20 . The process of claim 16 , wherein treating the composition with moist heat comprises:
heating the composition at 87° C. to 116° C. and 10% to 50% moisture for 0.10 hours to 5 hours; and
drying the composition to 10% to 15% moisture.
21 . The process of claim 16 , wherein the composition is in the form of a meal or a pellet.
22 . The process of claim 16 , further comprising:
placing the composition in a container configured for shipping; and
associating indicia with the container, wherein the indicia is capable of directing a user on how to administer the composition to an animal.
23 . An animal feed composition comprising:
a yeast fermentation biomass; and
at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient,
wherein the yeast fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient have been treated, and
wherein upon administration of the animal feed composition to a ruminant, an amount of protein passing through a rumen of the ruminant is increased as compared to an animal feed composition that does not comprise a treated yeast fermentation biomass and at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient administered to the ruminant.
24 . The animal feed composition of claim 23 , wherein the yeast fermentation biomass and the at least one proteinaceous feed ingredient are treated with moist heat.
25 . The animal feed composition of claim 23 , wherein the yeast fermentation biomass is selected from the group consisting of a yeast presscake, a yeast cream, a citric acid biomass, an ethanol biomass, distiller's yeast, a brewer's yeast biomass, a baker's yeast biomass, and combinations of any thereof.
26 . The animal feed composition of claim 23 , further comprising an ingredient selected from the group consisting of an isolated enzyme, a gluten protein, a divalent metal ion, an organic acid, a plant extract, and combination of any thereof.