Methods of producing high-strength metal tubular bars possessing improved cold formability
A method for producing a tubular bar, more particularly a stabilizer bar, is provided. The method comprises providing a tubular bar of desired size having an outer and inner surface, heating the bar to an elevated temperature, quenching the bar by application of a cooling fluid to the surfaces of the bar, and forming the tube to a desired shape without annealing. The method further provides for the composition of a high-strength, high formability carbon steel alloy to be used in conjunction with the method. Advantageously, the bar is formable without thermal processing subsequent to quenching. In this fashion, metal tubular bars, such as stabilizer bars, may be formed at reduced cost.
1. A method for producing a tubular steel bar, comprising:
providing a steel bar of desired size, comprising:
about 0.13 to 0.35% carbon;
about 0.8 to 2.0% manganese;
about 0.10% to 0.70% silicon;
about 0.01% to 0.07% aluminum;
up to about 0.50% chromium;
up to about 0.25% molybdenum; and
up to about 0.30% vanadium;
heating the bar to an elevated temperature;
quenching the bar, wherein the bar is not subject to heat treatment subsequent to quenching;
wherein the bar as-quenched has an ultimate tensile strength of about 1400 MPa or greater, a yield strength to ultimate tensile strength ratio of between about 0.65 and 0.90, and an elongation of about 12% or greater; and
forming the as-quenched bar into a desired shape at a temperature less than about 80° C.;
wherein the as-formed bar has a fatigue life of greater than about 300,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing when the region about at least one formed regions is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bar is formed into its desired shape by bending.
3. A method for producing a tubular steel bar, comprising:
providing a steel bar of desired size, comprising:
about 0.13 to 0.35% carbon;
about 0.8 to 2.0% manganese;
about 0.10% to 0.70% silicon;
about 0.01% to 0.07% aluminum;
up to about 0.50% chromium;
up to about 0.25% molybdenum; and
up to about 0.30% vanadium;
heating the bar to an elevated temperature;
quenching the bar, wherein the bar is not subject to heat treatment subsequent to quenching; and
bending the as-quenched bar into a desired shape at a temperature less than about 80° C.,
wherein the bar as bent has a fatigue life of greater than about 300,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing when the region about at least one of the bends is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the bar as bent has a fatigue life of greater than about 400,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing, when the region about at least one of the bends is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.
5. A method of manufacturing a vehicular stabilizer bar, comprising:
providing a tubular steel bar having an outer surface and an inner surface and made of carbon steel comprising:
about 0.13 to 0.35% carbon;
about 0.8 to 2.0% manganese;
about 0.10% to 0.70% silicon;
about 0.01% to 0.07% aluminum;
up to about 0.50% chromium;
up to about 0.25% molybdenum; and
up to about 0.30% vanadium;
reducing a cross-sectional area of said tubular bar in at least one drawing operation;
heating the tubular bar to a temperature above about 900° C.;
quenching the tubular bar, wherein the tubular bar is not subject to heat treatment subsequent to quenching; and
forming the as-quenched bar to a predetermined shape at a temperature less than about 80° C.;
wherein the as-formed bar has a fatigue life of greater than about 300,000 cycles as measured under laboratory testing when the region about at least one formed region is subjected to cyclic stresses above about 450 MPa.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the at least one drawing operation reduces the outer diameter of the elongated material to within the range of about 15-70 mm.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the ratio of wall thickness to outer diameter in the elongated bar is within the range of about 0.15-0.25.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said tubular bar is heated by induction heating.
9. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said quenching comprises passing a cooling fluid along the outer surface of the tubular bar.
10. The method according to claim 5 , wherein said quenching comprises passing a cooling fluid along the outer and inner surfaces of the tubular bar.
11. The method according to claim 10 , further comprising, after forming the as-quenched material to a predetermined shape at a temperature less than about 80° C., introducing a compressive stress on the outer surface of the tubular bar by shot-peening.
12. The method according to claim 5 , wherein forming the as-quenched material to a predetermined shape comprises producing a plurality of bends in the bar.
13. The method according to claim 5 , further comprising installing the bar onto a vehicle without performing any additional thermal processing on the bar.