System, method, and apparatus for three-dimensional input control

1. A method for tracking a controller of a video game system, comprising:

generating one or more signals from an inertial sensor located on a controller for the video game system;

generating diffuse light with an LED light source and a diffuser on the controller, whereby an image capture device produces a diffuse image of the LED light source when the light source is pointed toward the image capture device, the diffuse image producing an expanded region of pixels around captured light from the light source to increase pixel data usable to identify the light source during tracking of the diffuse image of the light source by tracking logic coupled to the image capture device;

analyzing the diffuse image in conjunction with analysis of the one or more signals from the inertial sensor to determine position and/or orientation information for the controller, wherein analyzing the diffuse image includes determining a centroid of the expanded region of pixels and tracking the centroid;

utilizing the position and/or orientation information during play of a video game on the video game system;

identifying an action to be performed by the video game system, the action being mapped to inertial data generated from the one or more inertial signals; and

applying a gearing to adjust a coupling of the action to be performed by the video game system in response to the inertial data; wherein the gearing scales a mapping of a gesture of the controller detected from the inertial data to the action to be performed by the video game system and wherein the gearing is dynamically adjustable to different scaling ratios during the gesture of the controller, wherein the different scaling ratios are determined by user settings, or wherein the different scaling ratios are determined by a program executed by the video game system during the action of the controller.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more signals include a signal that is related to a translational acceleration of the controller with respect to one or more directions.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein analyzing the one or more signals includes integrating translational acceleration signal or data generated from the translational acceleration signal with respect to time to produce a velocity signal.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein analyzing the one or more signals includes integrating the translational acceleration signal or data generated from the translational acceleration signal twice with respect to time to produce displacement signal.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more signals include a signal that is related to a rotation of the controller about a pitch, roll or yaw axis.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein utilizing the position and/or orientation information during game play on the video game system includes determining a path of the controller from the position and/or orientation information.

7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising comparing the path of the controller to one or more known gestures.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising changing a state of the video game if the path of the controller or a portion thereof corresponds to one or more of the known gestures.

9. A method for use in providing input to a system, comprising:

generating one or more signals from an inertial sensor located on a controller for the system;

generating diffuse light with an LED light source and a diffuser on the controller, whereby an image capture device produces a diffuse image of the LED light source when the light source is pointed toward the image capture device, the diffuse image producing an expanded region of pixels around captured light from the light source to increase pixel data usable to identify the light source during tracking of the diffuse image of the light source by tracking logic coupled to the image capture device;

analyzing the diffuse image in conjunction with analysis of the one or more signals to determine position and/or orientation information for the controller, wherein the position and/or orientation information for the controller are defined by calculating the centroid;

comparing the determined position and/or orientation information with predetermined position information associated with one or more commands;

changing a state of the system if the determined position and/or orientation information matches predetermined position information for a command; and identifying an action to be performed by the system, the action being mapped to inertial data generated from the one or more inertial signals; and

applying a gearing to adjust a coupling of the action to be performed by the system in response to the inertial data; wherein the gearing scales a mapping of a gesture of the controller detected from the inertial data to the action to be performed by the system, and wherein the gearing is dynamically adjustable to different scaling ratios during the gesture of the controller, wherein the different scaling ratios are determined by user settings, or wherein the different scaling ratios are determined by a program executed by the system during the action of the controller.

10. A method for controlling a videogame, the method comprising:

tracking inertial data from an inertial sensor on the controller;

generating diffuse light with an LED light source and a diffuser on the controller;

tracking the diffuse light with an image sensor device to generate image data;

detecting movements of the controller by analyzing the inertial data and the image data,

wherein detecting the movements includes detecting a gesture;

mapping the detected gesture to an action in a video game; and

applying gearing to the mapping of the detected gesture,

wherein applying the gearing includes scaling a degree of movement in the gesture to a degree of movement in the action,

wherein said scaling includes applying a plurality of different scaling ratios to different portions of the gesture.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the different ratios are determined by user settings.

12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the different ratios are determined by a program executed by the videogame.

13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the action is a command triggered upon determination that the gesture matches a pre-defined movement of the controller.