Weighted likelihood ratio for pattern recognition
A Weighted Likelihood Ratio Hidden Markov Model is utilized for speech processing. The model emphasizes spectral peaks when comparing spectra. Probability density functions for states in the model can be developed with weights based on the comparison.
1 . A method of developing a pattern recognition model comprising:
accessing a reference spectrum defined by a plurality of reference coefficients;
accessing a test spectrum defined by a plurality of test coefficients;
comparing the reference spectrum coefficients and the test spectrum coefficients; and
deriving a weighted model defined by a plurality of weighted coefficients based on the comparison.
2 . The method of claim 1 wherein comparing comprises finding a difference in power between the reference spectrum and the test spectrum.
3 . The method of claim 1 wherein comparing comprises finding a difference in log power between the reference spectrum and the test spectrum.
4 . The method of claim 1 wherein the weighted coefficients include high weights based on peaks in the reference spectrum and test spectrum.
5 . The method of claim 1 wherein the weighted coefficients include low weights based on valleys in the reference spectrum and test spectrum.
6 . The method of claim 1 wherein the weighted coefficients correspond to autocorrelation coefficients derived from Mel frequency cepstral coefficients.
7 . The method of claim 1 wherein the reference or test spectrum coefficients correspond to Mel frequency cepstral coefficients or linear prediction cepstral coefficients.
8 . A speech recognizer, comprising:
an acoustic model adapted to generate a plurality of possible sequences of hypothesized linguistic units for a speech signal, the units including associated probability density functions, each probability density function including a weighted coefficient derived from a comparison of spectra; and
a decoder coupled to the acoustic model and adapted to select a best possible sequence of units based on the probability density functions and the speech signal.
9 . The speech recognizer of claim 8 wherein the acoustic model includes static feature components and dynamic feature components adapted to model static features and dynamic features of the speech signal, respectively.
10 . The speech recognizer of claim 9 wherein the static feature components include weighting coefficients different from weighting coefficients for the dynamic feature components.
11 . The speech recognizer of claim 8 wherein the acoustic model is adapted to provide a high weight to a peak in the speech signal and a low weight to a valley in the speech signal.
12 . The speech recognizer of claim 8 and further comprising a feature extraction module adapted to extract features from the speech signal.
13 . The speech recognizer of claim 12 wherein the feature extraction module is adapted to perform Mel frequency cepstrum coefficients feature extraction.
14 . A method of training a pattern recognition model, comprising:
accessing a first model defined by a plurality of states, each state having an associated probability density function;
identifying a distortion measure from a comparison of spectra; and
forming a second model from the first model and the distortion measure, the second model defined by a plurality of states, each state having an associated probability density function based on the distortion measure.
15 . The method of claim 14 wherein the distortion measure is based on a difference between a reference spectrum and a test spectrum.
16 . The method of claim 14 wherein the second model is defined by a plurality of cepstral coefficients and autocorrelation coefficients derived from the cepstral coefficients.
17 . The method of claim 14 wherein the distortion measure is based on a comparison of power spectra.
18 . The method of claim 14 wherein the distortion measure is based on a comparison of log power spectra.
19 . The method of claim 14 wherein each probability density function includes a static component and a dynamic component.
20 . The method of claim 19 wherein the static component includes a first weight and the dynamic component includes a second weight different from the first weight.