Tool for making enhanced heat transfer surfaces
View Patent ↗An improved tool assembly for enhancing the surface of a heat transfer tube is provided. The tool assembly includes rods having cutting tips and positioned in rod guides which are slidably positioned in shafts provided in a tool holder. In an equilibrium state, the cutting tips do not extend from the tool holder. When a force is applied to the rod guides, the rod guides move in a first direction along the shafts in the tool holder, resulting in exposure of the cutting tips which enhance the tube surface. When the force is removed from the rod guides, the rod guides move along the shafts in a direction opposite the first direction to retract the cutting tips within the tool holder. In this way, the cutting tips are protected when not in use.
1. A tool assembly for cutting metal comprising:
a. a holder comprising a longitudinal axis, an exterior top wall, an exterior bottom wall, an exterior outer wall and at least one substantially hollow shaft, wherein the at least one shaft extends through the holder and comprises a first opening and a second opening;
b. at least one rod assembly comprising:
i. a rod guide having a head end and a tail end;
ii. a rod having a tip shaped with a tip geometry and positioned in the rod guide, wherein the tip extends from the head end of the rod guide,
wherein the at least one rod assembly is positioned in the at least one shaft of the holder and wherein the head end of the rod guide is capable of extending from the first opening of the at least one shaft and wherein the tail end of the rod guide is capable of extending from the second opening of the at least one shaft;
c. a washer positioned substantially adjacent the exterior bottom wall of the holder and adapted to apply pressure to the tail end of the rod guide to cause the at least one rod assembly to move a distance along the at least one shaft and the tip to extend beyond the outer wall of the holder when a force is exerted on the washer;
d. a spacer positioned substantially adjacent the exterior top wall of the holder and adapted to apply pressure to the head end of the rod guide to cause the at least one rod assembly to move along at least a portion of the at least one shaft to retract the tip within the outer wall of the holder; and
e. a biasing element positioned substantially adjacent the spacer.
2. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one shaft extends at an angle between 0°-90°, inclusive, relative to the longitudinal axis of the holder.
3. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the position of the rod in the rod guide is adjustable.
4. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the rod is removable from the rod guide.
5. The tool assembly of claim 4 , wherein the tip of the rod can be reshaped and repositioned in the rod guide.
6. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tip is adapted to form protrusions on an inner surface of a tube by cutting and lifting metal.
7. The tool assembly of claim 6 , wherein the tip geometry comprises at least one cuffing edge.
8. The tool assembly of claim 7 , wherein the tip geometry comprises at least two cutting edges.
9. The tool assembly of claim 6 , wherein the tip geometry comprises at least one lifting edge.
10. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one rod assembly comprises a plurality of rod assemblies.
11. The tool assembly of claim 10 , wherein the tip geometry of the tips of the rods of at least two of the plurality of rod assemblies differs.
12. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one rod assembly is removable from the holder.
13. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the washer comprises a base and at least one prong having a height and extending from the base, wherein the base is adapted to apply pressure to the tail end of the rod guide and wherein the height of the at least one prong at least partially controls the distance the rod assembly moves along the at least one shaft.
14. The tool assembly of claim 1 , wherein the biasing element is adapted to expand when the force relaxes to exert an expansion force on the spacer.
15. The tool assembly of claim 1 , the biasing element comprises a spring.
16. A tube having an inner surface enhanced by the tool assembly of claim 1 .
17. The tube of claim 16 , wherein the tube comprises protrusions.
18. The tube of claim 17 , wherein the protrusions are flattened, bent, or inclined relative to each other to form nucleate boiling cavities.
19. A method of enhancing the inner surface of a tube comprising:
a. providing a tool assembly comprising:
(i) a holder comprising a longitudinal axis, an exterior top wall, an exterior bottom wall, an exterior outer wall and at least one substantially hollow shaft, wherein the at least one shaft extends through the holder and comprises a first opening and a second opening;
(ii) at least one rod assembly comprising:
a rod guide having a head end and a tail end;
a rod having a tip shaped with a tip geometry and positioned in the rod guide, wherein the tip extends from the head end of the rod guide,
wherein the at least one rod assembly is positioned in the at least one shaft of the holder and wherein the head end of the rod guide is capable of extending from the first opening of the at least one shaft and wherein the tail end of the rod guide is capable of extending from the second opening of the at least one shaft;
(iii) a washer positioned substantially adjacent the exterior bottom wall of the holder and adapted to apply pressure to the tail end of the rod guide to cause the at least one rod assembly to move a distance along the at least one shaft and the tip to extend beyond the outer wall of the holder when a force is exerted on the washer;
(iv) a spacer positioned substantially adjacent the exterior top wall of the holder and adapted to apply pressure to the head end of the rod guide to cause the at least one rod assembly to move along at least a portion of the at least one shaft to retract the tip within the outer wall of the holder; and
(v) a biasing element positioned substantially adjacent the spacer;
b. positioning the tool assembly in the tube;
c. causing relative rotation and relative axial movement between the tube and the tool assembly; and
d. forming protrusions on the inner surface of the tube with the tip.
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising exerting a force on the washer, wherein the force causes the washer to apply pressure to the tail end of the rod guide to cause the at least one rod assembly to move a distance along the at least one shaft and the tip to extend beyond the outer wall of the holder.
21. The method of claim 19 , further comprising flattening the protrusions, bending the protrusions, or inclining adjacent protrusions relative to each other to form nucleate boiling cavities.
22. The method of claim 19 , further comprising removing the rod from the tool holder, reshaping the tip of the rod, and repositioning the rod in the tool holder.