Polybutylene naphthalate filtration media
This invention is based upon the discovery that polybutylene naphthalate resin (PBN) having an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g can be easily processed into a nonwoven web of meltblown or spunbond fibers that exhibit excellent characteristics for utilization in making filtration media, such as strength, durability and filtration efficiency. Additionally, such a nonwoven web of meltblown or spunbond fibers offers outstanding resistance to organic liquids, such as gasoline, gasohol, kerosene, diesel fuel, jet fuel, motor oil and the like. Filtration media manufactured utilizing such polybutylene naphthalate also offers excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, acid resistance, and alkali resistance. The present invention more specifically discloses a filtration media that is comprised of a nonwoven web of fibers having an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 35 microns, wherein the fibers are comprised of polybutylene naphthalate having an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
1 . A filtration media that is comprised of nonwoven web of fibers having an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 35 microns, wherein the fibers are comprised of polybutylene naphthalate having an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
2 . The filtration media as specified in claim 1 wherein the polybutylene naphthalate has an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.4 to 0.6 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
3 . The filtration media as specified in claim 1 wherein the fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns.
4 . The filtration media as specified in claim 1 wherein the fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 6 microns.
5 . The filtration media as specified in claim 1 wherein the fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 3 microns to about 5 microns.
6 . The filtration media as specified in claim 1 wherein the filtration media includes at least one layer of fine fibers having an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 8 microns and at least one layer of coarse fibers having an average diameter which is within the range of about 10 microns to about 35 microns.
7 . The filtration media as specified in claim 6 wherein the weight ratio of fine fibers to coarse fibers is within the range of 2:1 to 10:1.
8 . The filtration media as specified in claim 6 wherein the fine fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 1 microns to about 6 microns and wherein the coarse fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 10 microns to about 30 microns.
9 . A filter comprising a rigid frame having the filtration media specified in claim 1 fixedly attached thereto.
10 . The filter as specified in claim 9 wherein the rigid frame is comprised of polybutylene naphthalate having an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 dl/g to 1.5 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
11 . The filter as specified in claim 9 wherein the rigid frame is comprised of polybutylene naphthalate having an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.6 dl/g to 1.2 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
12 . A filter comprising: a frame having a nonwoven filter material fixedly attached thereto; said nonwoven filter material comprising (i) a first layer of polybutylene naphthalate microfibers having an average fiber size of less than about 8 micrometers and (ii) a second layer comprising polybutylene naphthalate fibers having fibers having an average fiber size in excess of 12 micrometers and wherein said second layer is autogenously bonded to said first layer, wherein said second layer has a basis weight of less than 34 g/m2, and wherein the polybutylene naphthalate has an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
13 . The filter of claim 12 wherein said second layer comprises meltblown fibers.
14 . The filter of claim 12 wherein said second layer includes lengthwise-bonded fibers.
15 . The filter of claim 12 wherein said first layer of microfibers comprises meltblown fibers having a basis weight between 17 g/m2 and 300 g/m2 and wherein said first layer of microfibers have an average fiber diameter between about 0.5 micrometers and about 6 micrometers.
16 . The filter of claim 12 wherein the basis weight ratio of the first layer to the second layer is between 2:1 and 10:1
17 . The filter of claim 1 further comprising a filter paper sheet laminated to the nonwoven filter material.
18 . The filter of claim 17 wherein a filter paper sheet is laminated to the first layer of the nonwoven filter material.
19 . The filter of claim 1 wherein said first and second layers of the nonwoven filter material both comprise meltblown thermoplastic polyester fibers and wherein said first layer has a basis weight between 34 g/m2 and about 175 g/m2.
20 . The filter of claim 13 wherein said nonwoven filter material further comprises a third layer of meltblown fibers having an average diameter in excess of about 12 micrometers, wherein said third layer is autogenously bonded to said first layer, and wherein the third layer of meltblown fibers is comprised of polybutylene naphthalate having an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
21 . The filter of claim 20 wherein said third layer has a basis weight less than 34 g/m2.
22 . The filter of claim 21 wherein said first layer has a basis weight between about 34 g/m2 and 150 g/m2.
23 . The filter of claim 22 wherein a filter paper sheet is laminated to the nonwoven filter material.
24 . A process for manufacturing filter media which comprises (1) extruding molten polybutylene naphthalate through a plurality of die capillaries as molten filaments into converging high velocity gas streams that attenuate the filaments to reduce their diameter to within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 35 microns, wherein the polybutylene naphthalate has an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.3 to 0.7 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C., (2) collecting the filaments on a conveyor wherein they become entangled to form a nonwoven web, and (3) allowing the entangled nonwoven web to solidify to produce a nonwoven web of the filter media.
25 . The process as specified in claim 24 wherein the polybutylene naphthalate has an intrinsic viscosity which is within the range of 0.4 to 0.6 dl/g as measured in o-chlorophenol at 35° C.
26 . The process as specified in claim 24 wherein the fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 20 microns.
27 . The process as specified in claim 24 wherein the fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 0.5 microns to about 6 microns.
28 . The process as specified in claim 24 wherein the fibers have an average diameter which is within the range of about 3 microns to about 5 microns.
29 . The filtration media specified in claim 1 wherein the web of fibers is further comprised of additional polymer fibers that are comprised of a polymer other than polybutylene naphthalate.
30 . The filtration media specified in claim 29 wherein the additional fibers are polypropylene fibers.
31 . The filtration media specified in claim 29 wherein the additional fibers are polybutylene terephthalate fibers.