Aminocycloalkyl cinnamide compounds for arrhythmia and as analgesics and anesthetics

1. A compound of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

wherein the bonds from the cycloalkyl ring to the 1-cinnamide and 2-amine groups in the compounds of formula (I) are relatively disposed in a trans relationship, and wherein, independently at each occurrence:

n is selected from 1, 2, 3 and 4;

X is selected from a direct bond, and —C(R 6 ,R 14 )—Y—;

Y is selected from a direct bond, O, S, and C 1 -C 4 alkylene;

R 13 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, and benzyl;

R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, C 3 -C 8 alkoxyalkyl, C 1 -C 8 hydroxyalkyl, and C 7 -C 12 aralkyl; or

R 1 and R 2 , when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (I), form a ring denoted by formula (II):

wherein the ring of formula (II) is formed from the nitrogen as shown as well as three to nine additional ring atoms independently selected from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; where any two adjacent ring atoms may be joined together by single or double bonds, and where any one or more of the additional carbon ring atoms may be substituted with one or two substituents selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1 -C 3 hydroxyalkyl, oxo, C 2 -C 4 acyl, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkylcarboxy, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, C 1 -C 20 alkanoyloxy, or may be substituted to form a spiro five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or two heteroatoms selected from oxygen and sulfur; and any two adjacent additional carbon ring atoms may be fused to a C 3 -C 8 carbocyclic ring, and any one or more of the additional nitrogen ring atoms may be substituted with substituents selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 acyl, C 2 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl and C 3 -C 8 alkoxyalkyl; or

R 1 and R 2 , when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (I), may form a bicyclic ring system selected from 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonan-3-yl, 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl, 3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]hexan-3-yl, and 3-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptan-3-yl;

R 3 and R 4 are independently attached to the cycloalkyl ring shown in formula (I) at other than the 1 and 2 positions and are independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, and, when both R 3 and R 4 are attached to the same cycloalkane ring atom, may together form a spiro five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or two heteroatoms selected from oxygen and sulfur;

R 5 , R 6 and R 14 are independently selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, aryl and benzyl, or R 6 and R 14 , when taken together with the carbon to which they are attached, may form a spiro C 3 -C 5 cycloalkyl;

A is selected from C 5 -C 12 alkyl, a C 3 -C 13 carbocyclic ring, and ring systems selected from formulae (III), (IV), (V), (VI), (VII) and (VIII):

where R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from bromine, chlorine, fluorine, carboxy, hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methanesulfonamido, nitro, sulfamyl, trifluoromethyl, C 2 -C 7 alkanoyloxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 thioalkyl, aryl and N(R 15 ,R 16 ) where R 15 and R 16 are independently selected from hydrogen, acetyl, methanesulfonyl, and C 1 -C 6 alkyl;

where R 10 and R 11 are independently selected from bromine, chlorine, fluorine, carboxy, hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methanesulfonamido, nitro, sulfamyl, trifluoromethyl, C 2 -C 7 alkanoyloxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 thioalkyl, and N(R 15 ,R 16 ) where R 15 and R 16 are independently selected from hydrogen, acetyl, methanesulfonyl, and C 1 -C 6 alkyl;

where R 12 is selected from bromine, chlorine, fluorine, carboxy, hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methanesulfonamido, nitro, sulfamyl, trifluoromethyl, C 2 -C 7 alkanoyloxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 thioalkyl, and N(R 15 ,R 16 ) where R 15 and R 16 are independently selected from hydrogen, acetyl, methanesulfonyl, and C 1 -C 6 alkyl; and Z is selected from CH, CH 2 , O, N and S, where Z may be directly bonded to the carbon atom in formula (I) that is shown directly bonded to “A” when Z is CH or N, or Z may be directly bonded to R 17 when Z is N, and R 17 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl and benzyl;

including isolated enantiomeric and diastereomeric isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof;

with a proviso that the compound of formula (I) is not a compound of the following formula:

wherein, independently at each occurrence:

n is selected from 1, 2, 3 and 4;

X is a direct bond;

R 13 is selected from hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl, aryl, and benzyl;

R 1 and R 2 are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (I) to form a morpholinyl ring and where any one or more of the carbon ring atoms in the morpholinyl ring may be substituted with one or two substituents selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1 -C 3 hydroxyalkyl, oxo, C 2 -C 4 acyl, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 2 -C 4 alkylcarboxy, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, C 1 -C 20 alkanoyloxy, or may be substituted to form a spiro five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or two heteroatoms selected from oxygen and sulfur; and any two adjacent carbon ring atoms in the morpholinyl ring may be fused to a C 3 -C 8 carbocyclic ring;

R 3 and R 4 are independently attached to the cycloalkyl ring shown in formula (I) at other than the 1 and 2 positions and are independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and C 1 -C 6 alkoxy;

R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, aryl and benzyl; and

A is selected from C 5 -C 12 alkyl, a C 3 -C 13 carbocyclic ring, and a ring system of formulae (III):

where R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from bromine, chlorine, fluorine, carboxy, hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methanesulfonamido, nitro, sulfamyl, trifluoromethyl, C 2 -C 7 alkanoyloxy, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, C 2 -C 7 alkoxycarbonyl, C 1 -C 6 thioalkyl, aryl and N(R 15 ,R 16 ) where R 15 and R 16 are independently selected from hydrogen, acetyl, methanesulfonyl, and C 1 -C 6 alkyl;

including isolated enantiomeric and diastereomeric isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

2. The compound of claim 1 selected from the group consisting of: (1R,2R)/(1S ,2S)-N-methyl-N-[2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)cyclohexyl]-3,4-dichlorocinnamide monohydrochloride, and (1R,2R)/(1S,2S)-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl) cyclopentyl]-3,4-dichlorocinnamide monohydrochioride, and other pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

3. A composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 in combination with an acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.

4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, or excipient.