Polymer panels and methods of making the same
View Patent ↗Disclosed herein are multiwall panels comprising micro-scale surface features and methods of making the same. In one embodiment, a multiwall panel is disclosed. The multiwall panel comprises, a top sheet, a bottom sheet, a rib disposed between and connected to the top sheet and the bottom sheet, and a micro-scale surface feature disposed on a surface of the multiwall panel, wherein the micro-scale surface feature comprises a width measured at a base of the surface feature, wherein the width is about 30 micrometers to about 3 millimeters. In another embodiment, a process of forming multiwall panels is disclosed. In yet another embodiment, a naturally lit structure is disclosed.
1. A multiwall panel, comprising:
a top sheet comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
a bottom sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface;
a rib disposed between the bottom surface and the first surface;
wherein micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface and/or on the first surface and the second surface;
wherein
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface,
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the first surface and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface, or
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface and/or the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface; and,
wherein the multiwall panel comprises an average light transmission of greater than or equal to about 70% as measured by ASTM D-1003-00, wherein the light transmission is measured from incidence angles from about −80° to about 80° in about 10° increments.
2. The multiwall panel of claim 1 , wherein the micro-scale surface features are selected from the group consisting of being capable of directing, diffusing, polarizing light, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing.
3. The multiwall panel of claim 1 , wherein the multiwall panel comprises a coating disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and/or the second surface of the multiwall panel.
4. The multiwall panel of claim 1 , wherein the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface.
5. The multiwall panel of claim 1 , wherein the micro-scale surface features comprise a width measured at a base of the micro-scale surface features that is about 30 micrometers to about 3 millimeters.
6. The multiwall panel of claim 1 , wherein the multiwall panel comprises an average light transmission of greater than or equal to about 80% as measured by ASTM D-1003-00, wherein the light transmission is measured from incidence angles of about −80° to about 80° in about 10° increments.
7. The multiwall panel of claim 1 , wherein the micro-scale surface features have an internal angle of 90 to 150 degrees.
8. A method of forming a multiwall panel, comprising:
converting a polymer into a polymer melt;
extruding the polymer melt into a multiwall panel, wherein the multiwall panel comprises a top sheet comprising a top surface and a bottom surface, a bottom sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface, and a rib disposed between the bottom surface and the first surface; and
forming micro-scale surface features on the top surface and the bottom surface and/or on the first surface and the second surface;
wherein
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface,
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the first surface and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface, or
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface and/or the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the multiwall panel comprises a coating disposed on a surface of the multiwall panel.
10. The multiwall panel of claim 8 , wherein the micro-scale surface features have an internal angle of 90 to 150 degrees.
11. The multiwall panel of claim 8 , wherein the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface.
12. A method of forming a multiwall panel, comprising:
forming a top sheet comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
forming a bottom sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface;
forming micro-scale surface features on the top surface and the bottom surface and/or on the first surface and the second surface;
wherein
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface,
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the first surface and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface, or
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface and/or the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface;
forming ribs;
assembling the top sheet, bottom sheet, and ribs into a multiwall panel, wherein the ribs are disposed between the bottom surface and the first surface; and,
wherein the micro-scale surface features are formed by a process selected from the group consisting of injection molding processes, solvent-assisted micro-molding processes, micro-transfer processes, molten polymer deposition processes, replica molding processes, lithographic processes, a self-assembly processes, laser engraving processes, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing processes.
13. The multiwall panel of claim 12 , wherein the micro-scale surface features have an internal angle of 90 to 150 degrees.
14. The multiwall panel of claim 12 , wherein the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface.
15. A naturally lit structure, comprising:
a roof;
a structure capable of supporting the roof; and,
multiwall panels disposed on the roof, wherein the multiwall panels comprise a top sheet comprising a top surface and a bottom surface, a bottom sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface, and a rib disposed between the bottom surface and the first surface, wherein micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface and/or on the first surface and the second surface;
wherein
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface,
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the first surface and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface, or
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the top surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface and/or the micro-scale surface features disposed on the first surface are parallel to the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface.
16. The multiwall panel of claim 15 , wherein the micro-scale surface features have an internal angle of 90 to 150 degrees.
17. The multiwall panel of claim 15 , wherein the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface.
18. A multiwall panel, comprising:
a top sheet comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
a bottom sheet comprising a first surface and a second surface;
a rib disposed between the bottom surface and the first surface;
wherein micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface and/or on the first surface and the second surface;
wherein
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface and the bottom surface, the top surface micro-scale surface features have a top surface internal angle and the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface have a bottom surface internal angle, and wherein the top surface internal angle and the bottom surface internal angle are equal,
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the first surface and the second surface, the first surface micro-scale surface features have a first surface internal angle and the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface have a second surface internal angle, and wherein the first surface internal angle and the second surface internal angle are equal, or
if the micro-scale surface features are disposed on the top surface, the bottom surface, the first surface, and the second surface, the top surface micro-scale surface features have a top surface internal angle, the micro-scale surface features disposed on the bottom surface have a bottom surface internal angle, the first surface micro-scale surface features have a first surface internal angle, and the micro-scale surface features disposed on the second surface have a second surface internal angle, and wherein the top surface internal angle and the bottom surface internal angle are equal and/or the first surface internal angle and the second surface internal angle are equal.
19. The multiwall panel of claim 18 , wherein the internal angle is 90 to 150 degrees.
20. The multiwall panel of claim 18 , wherein the multiwall panel comprises an average light transmission of greater than or equal to about 70% as measured by ASTM D-1003-00, wherein the light transmission is measured from incidence angles from about −80° to about 80° in about 10° increments.