Flexible circuit electrode array
Polymer materials are useful as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision, cochlear stimulation to create artificial hearing, or cortical stimulation many purposes. The pressure applied against the retina, or other neural tissue, by an electrode array is critical. Too little pressure causes increased electrical resistance, along with electric field dispersion. Too much pressure may block blood flow. Common flexible circuit fabrication techniques generally require that a flexible circuit electrode array be made flat. Since neural tissue is almost never flat, a flat array will necessarily apply uneven pressure. Further, the edges of a flexible circuit polymer array may be sharp and cut the delicate neural tissue. By applying the right amount of heat to a completed array, a curve can be induced. With a thermoplastic polymer it may be further advantageous to repeatedly heat the flexible circuit in multiple molds, each with a decreasing radius. Further, it is advantageous to add material along the edges. It is further advantageous to provide a fold or twist in the flexible circuit array. Additional material may be added inside and outside the fold to promote a good seal with tissue.
1. A flexible circuit electrode array, configured for implantation on an approximately spherical retina in an eye having a radius of curvature, comprised of electrodes that comprise an electrode array, said flexible circuit electrode array configured to electrically connect with an electronics package that is remote from said array, comprising:
a polymer base layer forming a flexible circuit bond pad portion, flexible circuit cable portion and a flexible circuit electrode array portion;
metal traces, deposited on said polymer base layer, electrically coupled to said bond pads and said electrodes, said electrodes configured to stimulate neural tissue;
said flexible circuit electrode array portion and said metal traces embedded in a body comprised of an electrically insulating material said body forming said flexible circuit electrode array to have an approximately spherical pre-curved surface to substantially conform to the approximately spherical retina; and
said body comprised of said electrically insulating material that is softer than said polymer base layer; and
said flexible circuit bond pad portion adapted to directly connect to an electronics package.
2. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 comprising at least one mounting aperture in said body for attaching said flexible circuit electrode array portion to the retina with a tack.
3. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 wherein said body has a radius of spherical curvature which is smaller than said radius of curvature of an eye.
4. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 wherein, said body comprised of material that is softer than said polymer base layer is comprised of silicone having a hardness of about 50 or less on the Shore A scale as measured with a durometer.
5. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible circuit cable forms an angle with itself of 45° to 180° when folded.
6. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 5 , wherein said flexible circuit cable forms an angle with itself having an angle of 60° to 120°.
7. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible circuit cable forms an angle with itself of 45° to 180° when folded.
8. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 7 , wherein said flexible circuit cable forms an angle with itself of 60° to 120° when folded.
9. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible circuit cable has a fold at an angle of 1° to 180° within said flexible circuit electrode array.
10. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 9 , wherein said flexible circuit cable has a fold an angle of 20° to 90° within said flexible circuit electrode array.
11. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible circuit cable forms a horizontal angle of 1° to 90° within said flexible circuit electrode array.
12. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 11 , wherein said flexible circuit cable fauns a horizontal angle of 10° to 45° within said flexible circuit electrode array.
13. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible circuit cable comprises at least one grooved or one rippled pad for capturing a mattress suture.
14. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , wherein said flexible circuit electrode array is positioned on said surface of said body.
15. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 14 , wherein said soft electrically insulating material is positioned on said surface of said body between said electrodes.
16. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 1 , further comprising a soft polymer film on said flexible circuit cable.
17. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 16 , wherein said soft polymer film comprises silicone.
18. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 16 , wherein said soft polymer film comprises a ladder like structure.
19. The flexible circuit electrode array according to claim 16 , wherein said soft polymer film comprises beads and/or bumpers.