TISSUE FASTENING SYSTEMS AND METHODS
Systems and methods for securing tissue including the annulus of a mitral valve. The systems and methods may employ catheter based techniques and devices to plicate tissue and perform an annuloplasty. Magnets may be used for guidance in deploying fasteners from a catheter. The fasteners are cinched with a flexible tensile member.
1 . A tissue penetrating device for delivering first, second and third tissue: penetrating elements generally along an annulus of a heart valve during a procedure to reduce regurgitation of blood flow through the valve, comprising:
a main delivery member; and
first, second and third delivery arms carried by said delivery member, each arm including a lumen configured to respectively carry a corresponding one of the first, second and third tissue penetrating elements and deliver the first, second and third tissue penetrating elements through tissue at spaced apart locations generally along the annulus.
2 . The device of claim 1 , wherein said main delivery member further comprises a catheter configured to be directed through the venous system of a patient.
3 . The device of claim 1 , wherein said main delivery member further comprises a surgical tool for use in non-percutaneous surgical procedures.
4 . The device of claim 1 , wherein said first, second and third arms are movable between a compact state adapted for delivery of said first, second and third arms to a surgical site and an expanded state adapted for placing said first, second and third arms at the spaced apart locations.
5 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the tissue penetrating elements comprise fasteners.
6 . A method of penetrating tissue generally along an annulus of a heart valve of a patient during a procedure to reduce regurgitation of blood flow through the valve, comprising:
inserting a main delivery member proximate to the valve; and
positioning first, second and third delivery arms carried by the delivery member proximate to the annulus, and
delivering respective first, second and third penetrating elements through respective lumens in the first, second and third delivery arms and into the tissue at spaced apart locations.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein inserting a main delivery member further comprises:
inserting a catheter through the venous system of the patient.
8 . The method of claim 6 , wherein inserting a main delivery member further comprises:
inserting a surgical tool in a non-percutaneous surgical procedure on the patient.
9 . The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
delivering the first, second and third arms to the location proximate to the valve while the first, second and third arms are in a compact state, and
moving the first, second and third arms to an expanded state adapted for placing said first, second and third arms at the spaced apart locations prior to delivering the first, second and third penetrating elements.
10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein moving the first, second and third arms to an expanded state further comprises:
moving a pair of lateral arms away from a central arm.
11 . The method of claim 6 , wherein delivering the first, second and third penetrating elements further comprises delivering fasteners into the tissue.
12 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising performing a tissue plication procedure on the annulus using the fasteners.
13 . The method of claim 6 , further comprising performing a tissue plication procedure on the annulus after delivering the first, second and third tissue penetrating elements.