Optimized nuclear radiation shielding within composite structures for combined man made and natural radiation environments
A composition for radiation shielding or range of compositions which compositions may be used for a variety of radiation shielding applications. With proper adhesive selection and processing, the construction forms an integral bond with the craft as compatible adhesives form strong bonds. This eliminates the potential for delaminating associated with the use of metallic layered shielding. While prior art protects electronics with a direct coating to electronic packages, this approach allows larger equipment systems, such as optics, or spectrometers, to be shielded.
1. An article comprising three major components, an adhesive, a filler, and a modifier, the article comprising primarily filler by volume, with the adhesive and any modifier agents filling the space between the filler particles, wherein the filler comprises Tungsten, Boron, Titanium, Gadolinium, Lead, Hafnium, Polyethylene, Aluminum or Gold; wherein the adhesives comprise epoxy, Bismalemide, or Cyanate Ester; and wherein the modifier includes fumed silica or alumina powder, that maximizes packing density of the fillers to provide optimal radiation shielding attenuation through proper filler particle size distribution (PSD) selection.
2. An article, according to claim 1 , filled with high Hydrogen content filler, using polyethylene spheres.
3. An article according to claim 1 , filled with multiple fillers to provide protection from radioactive species, such as X-rays and neutrons, using Tungsten and Gadolinium or Tungsten and Aluminum, or any combination of materials mentioned in claim 1 .
4. An article according to claim 1 , that provides radiation protection as an integral structure within a spacecraft.
5. An article according to claim 1 , having filler particles of a preselected size in correspondence with a density corresponding to the particle size and wherein the article is cured to a preselected degree in correspondence with a preselected degree of rigidity.
6. An article according to claim 1 , that employs novel processing techniques to optimize the shield density, via compaction and densification, through the use of a fugitive solvent, vibration, particle size distribution or a combination of these techniques.
7. An article according to claim 6 , that combines Tungsten, between 50% and 100% of filler and Gadolinium, between 0% and 50% of filler by weight in optimal ratios to maximize radiation attenuation and shielding for black body X-ray and neutron radiation.
8. An article according to claim 4 , that incorporates fumed silica, not to exceed 3% by weight, as a rheological additive, to assist in the homogeneous distribution of fillers during cure.
9. An article according to claim 4 , that incorporates embedded sensors, including MEMS sensors, dosimeters, or other electronic devices to monitor an environment, for measurement of temperature, pressure and radiation exposure of the spacecraft.