Temperature-independent current source circuit
View Patent ↗A temperature-independent current source is provided, which includes a current source generating a current that is proportional to the temperature and a current source generating a current that is inversely proportional to the temperature. Values of the circuit elements are selected so that the currents of the current sources add up to a substantially temperature-independent current. Related current sources utilize dual-base Darlington bipolar transistors to generate a temperature-independent current.
1. A current source comprising:
a first Darlington transistor having a first terminal for receiving a first current, a grounded second terminal, and first and second control terminals wherein the first control terminal is coupled to the first terminal; and
a second Darlington transistor having a first terminal for outputting a second current, a second terminal grounded through a first resistor, and first and second control terminals respectively coupled to the first and second control terminals of the first Darlington transistor.
2. The current source of claim 1 , further comprising a current mirror having an input terminal coupled to the first terminal of the second Darlington transistor, and an output terminal coupled to the first terminal of the first Darlington transistor, for mirroring the second current to the first current.
3. The current source of claim 2 , wherein:
the first Darlington transistor comprises a first transistor, a second transistor, and a second resistor, wherein
the first terminals of the first and second transistors are coupled;
the second terminal of the first transistor is coupled to the control terminal of the second transistor; and
the second terminal of the first transistor is grounded through the second resistor so that the first Darlington transistor has two control terminals; and the second Darlington transistor comprises a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a third resistor, wherein
the first terminals of the third and fourth transistors are coupled;
the second terminal of the third transistor is coupled to the control terminal of the fourth transistor; and
the second terminal of the third transistor is grounded through the third resistor so that the second Darlington transistor has two control terminals.
4. The current source of claim 3 , wherein the first, second, third, and fourth transistors are bipolar transistors, the first terminals are collectors, the second terminals are emitters, and the control terminals are bases.
5. The current source of claim 4 , wherein the first and third transistors and the second and third resistors are operable to generate a current that is substantially inversely proportional to the temperature at the collectors of the first and third transistors; and
the second and fourth transistors and the first resistor are operable to generate a current that is substantially proportional to the temperature at the collectors of the second and fourth transistors.
6. The current source of claim 4 , wherein an emitter size of the fourth transistor is substantially N times greater than emitter sizes of the transistors different from the fourth transistor.
7. The current source of claim 6 , wherein a substantially temperature-independent current is supplied to an output terminal of the current mirror by selecting the emitter size of the fourth transistor and the values of the first, second, and third resistors.
8. The current source of claim 2 , wherein an input current and an output current of the current mirror are substantially the same.