Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same

1. A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device, comprising:

preparing at least a first substrate;

coating an alignment material having a main chain and a photo-reactive side chain on at least the first substrate, wherein the main chain is a polymeric material and the photo-reactive side chain is materials having either azo coupling or chalcone;

aligning the main chain of the alignment material in a predetermined direction by performing a soft rubbing process, wherein the soft rubbing process is performed with a rubbing strength in the range of about 20 mm to about 160 mm and the soft rubbing process is performed with a mark width in the range of about 6 mm to about 14 mm; and

irradiating polarized ultraviolet (UV) rays onto an entire surface of the alignment material whose main chain has been aligned in the predetermined direction to form an alignment layer, wherein the predetermined alignment direction of the main chain of the alignment material is substantially the same as a polarization direction of the polarized UV rays.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the soft rubbing process is performed with rubbing the alignment material only one time.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of irradiating the polarized UV rays is performed with either partially polarized UV rays or linearly polarized UV rays.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polarized UV rays have an irradiation wavelength in the range of about 200 nm to about 400 nm.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polarized UV rays are irradiated vertically or obliquely to the substrate.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the photo-reactive side chain is any one of a photo-decomposition reaction material, a photo-isomerization reaction material, and a photo-dimerization material.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polymeric material selected from a group of polyimide, polyamic acid, polynorbornene, phenylmaleimide copolymer, polyvinylcinnamate, polyazobenzene, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyphenylenephthalamide, polyester, polyurethane, and polymethyl methacrylate.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the alignment material is selected from a group of polyimide of chemical formula 1, phenylmaleimide copolymer of chemical formula 2, polynorbornene of chemical formula 3, and polyamic acid of chemical formula 4, wherein chemical formula 1 is

chemical formula 2 is

chemical formula 3 is

chemical formula 4 is

wherein n and m are integers not less than 1.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further including the steps of:

preparing a second substrate; and

bonding the first and second substrates to each other.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the step of bonding the first and second substrates to each other includes dropping liquid crystals onto any one of the first and second substrates.

11. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein:

the step of preparing the first substrate includes forming gate lines and data lines crossing each other to define a pixel region at each crossing region, forming a thin film transistor on each crossing region of the gate line and the data line, the thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, and forming a pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode of the thin film transistor, and

the step of preparing the second substrate includes forming a light-shielding layer to shield leakage of light, forming R, G, and B color filter layers, and forming a common electrode on the color filter layers.