Knee surgery method and apparatus
A device for positively clamping to the patella for use in knee surgical procedures such as total or partial knee arthroplasty to aid in determining the position of the center of the patellar implant and the amount of resection of the posterior patella for to achieve optimal tracking of the patello-femoral joint with the least amount of soft tissue releases. In one embodiment, the device includes a docking mechanism for attaching a posterior patella guide and one or more navigation devices, sensors and/or fiduciaries to monitor the position of the patella in the full range of motion and to aid in selecting the optimal position of the patella and patellar implant.
1 . An apparatus for clamping to a patella during a knee surgery procedure, comprising:
a first handle member having a proximal portion and a distal portion;
a second handle member having a proximal portion and a distal portion and pivotally coupled to the first handle member;
a first clamping member operatively coupled to the first handle member distal portion;
a second clamping member disposed opposite the first clamping member and operatively coupled to the second handle member distal portion, whereby a pivoting movement of the first handle member proximal portion toward the second handle member proximal portion results in movement of the first clamping member toward the second clamping member;
a docking component operatively coupled to one of the first or second clamping members, the docking component being adapted for movement relative to the clamping members and to receive one or more surgical navigation devices; and
a guide member operatively coupled to the docking component and sized to extend from a patella anterior side to a patella posterior side.
2 . A method of performing a knee arthroplasty procedure, the method comprising:
applying a patella guidance clamp to a patella, the patella guidance clamp including a docking mechanism adapted for receiving one or more surgical navigation aids or tracking devices and a posterior patella alignment guide;
locking the patella guidance clamp onto the patella;
coupling the docking mechanism to the patella guidance clamp;
coupling one or more navigation aids or tracking devices to the docking mechanism;
defining a patella midpoint corresponding to a pre-determined patella implant position using the posterior patella alignment guide;
quantifying and validating the pre-determined patella implant position using the one or more navigation aids or tracking devices;
adjusting the patella implant position if the predetermined position is not optimal; and
determining the depth of resection or reaming of the patella for optimal patella implant placement.