Spark plug with tapered fired-in suppressor seal
View Patent ↗A spark plug ( 10 ) for a spark ignited internal combustion engine includes a suppressor seal pack ( 54 ) interposed between an upper terminal stud ( 46 ) and a lower center electrode ( 60 ). The suppressor seal pack ( 54 ) includes a top layer of conductive glass ( 52 ) surrounding the bottom end ( 50 ) of the terminal stud ( 46 ) and a lower glass seal layer ( 58 ) surrounding a head ( 62 ) of the center electrode ( 60 ). A resistor layer ( 56 ) fills the space between the conductive glass layers ( 52, 58 ). The resistor layer ( 56 ) has a larger first cross-sectional area ( 76 ) at its upper end and a smaller second cross-sectional area ( 78 ) at its lower end. A reducing taper ( 80 ) establishes a progressive transition between the greater and lesser cross-sectional areas ( 76, 78 ). The reducing taper ( 80 ) is located in a large shoulder region (LS) which is defined as the longitudinal dimension between the theoretical reference point ( 70 ) at the filleted transition ( 26 ) and the theoretical reference point ( 68 ) at the upper seat ( 17 ). The suppressor seal pack ( 54 ) is of the fired-in variety in which each layer ( 54, 56, 58 ) is separately filled as a granular material, tamped and then cold pressed using the terminal stud ( 46 ). The assembly is then heated in a furnace, then removed so that the terminal stud ( 46 ) can be used to hot press the suppressor seal pack ( 54 ) into a final, operative condition. The suppressor seal pack ( 54 ) has a length (SL) which is maximized by use of a positive “A” dimension (+A) defined as the longitudinal distance between the center electrode head ( 62 ) seat and the theoretical location ( 72 ) of the lower seat ( 19 ).
1. A spark plug for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine, said spark plug comprising:
an elongated ceramic insulator having an upper terminal end, a lower nose end, and a central passage extending longitudinally between said terminal and nose ends;
said insulator including an exterior surface presenting a generally circular large shoulder proximate said terminal end and a generally circular small shoulder proximate said nose end, said large shoulder having a diameter greater than the diameter of said small shoulder, and further including a filleted transition between the disparate diameters of said large and small shoulders;
a conductive shell surrounding at least a portion of said insulator, said shell including at least one ground electrode;
a conductive terminal stud partially disposed in said central passage and extending longitudinally from an exposed top post to a bottom end embedded within said central passage;
a conductive center electrode partially disposed in said central passage and extending longitudinally between a head encased within said central passage and an exposed sparking tip proximate said ground electrode, said head being longitudinally spaced from said bottom end of said terminal stud within said central passage;
a suppressor seal pack disposed in said central passage and electrically connecting said bottom end of said terminal stud with said head of said center electrode for conducting electricity therebetween while sealing said central passage and suppressing radio frequency noise emissions from said spark plug, said suppressor seal pack having a first cross-sectional area at said bottom end of said terminal stud and a second cross-sectional area at said head of said center electrode, said first cross-sectional area being greater than said second cross-sectional area; and
said suppressor seal pack including a reducing taper for progressively transitioning from said greater first cross-sectional area to said lesser second cross-sectional area, said reducing taper being longitudinally located in a region bounded at its uppermost limit by said bottom end of said terminal stud and at its lowermost limit by said filleted transition.
2. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said shell includes upper and lower compression flanges bearing in pressing contact with said respective large and small shoulders of said insulator to place said insulator in compression between said large and small shoulders.
3. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said reducing taper has a generally conical sidewall angled relative to a perpendicular reference line greater than or equal to 60°.
4. The spark plug of claim 3 wherein said reducing taper is longitudinally disposed between said large shoulder and said filleted transition.
5. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said suppressor seal includes upper and lower conductive glass ends in contact with said bottom end of said terminal and said head of said center electrode respectively.
6. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said suppressor seal has a base disposed longitudinally between said filleted transition and said small shoulder.
7. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said central passage includes an internal ledge for seating said head of said center electrode.
8. The spark plug of claim 7 wherein said ledge is disposed longitudinally between said small shoulder and said filleted transition.
9. The spark plug of claim wherein said head of said center electrode has a generally cylindrical outer wall defining a longitudinal head thickness in the range of 0.040″ to 0.070″.
10. The spark plug of claim 1 wherein said center electrode comprises a one-piece unitary structure extending between said head and said sparking tip thereof.