Cryogenic probe for treating enlarged volume of tissue
The invention proposes a cryoprobe for surgical and other treatments. The cryoprobe comprises a bellow-wise section that performs displacement of a distal cryotip forwards with elevation of operation pressure in the interior of the cryoprobe. Needle-wise metal elements are installed on the external side of the cryotip. These needle-wise elements are deflecting outwards by a deflecting member fastened on the distal edge of an external shaft of the cryoprobe. This allows to enlarge significantly a frozen volume of the treated tissue for same operation temperature and the outer diameter of the cryoprobe.
1. A cryogenic probe for coupling via a cryogenic conduit to a cryogenic cooling system; said cryogenic probe comprises:
three concentric lumen including an outer lumen ending in a perforated tip having at least one aperture there through and a distal deflecting member;
an intermediate lumen that terminates at distal end thereof in a closed bellows arrangement to which a needle array comprising at least one flexible needle is coupled, the intermediate lumen being sealingly joined by a face plane at proximal end thereof to said outer lumen;
an inner lumen that is open ended and serves to bring a cryogenic medium into close proximity with distal end of the intermediate lumen such that operating pressure delivery of said cryogenic medium in said inner lumen under pressure causes said bellow's arrangement to expand, displacing said at least one needle of the needle array forwards towards said perforated tip, such that said deflecting member deflects said at least one flexible needle of said needle array, sideways and outwards through the at least one aperture, to protrude outwards from the distal end of the cryogenic probe.
2. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 for use in medical applications, such that displacement of the needle array forwards by expansion of the bellows causes the at least one needle of the needle array to be deflected by the deflecting member and to protrude outward from the outer lumen, allowing treatment of tissue in an enlarged volume.
3. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein the needle array comprising a plurality of flexible needles arranged in parallel in a polygon array; said at least one aperture being a plurality of apertures such that displacement of the needle array forwards causes the plurality of flexible needles to splay, by them being deflected sideways and outwards through the apertures to protrude outwards from the distal end of the cryogenic probe.
4. The cryogenic probe of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of flexible needles comprises needles that are identical with each other.
5. The cryogenic probe of claim 3 , wherein the flexible needles are solid needles, their proximal ends are cryogenically cooled, thereby cooling-their distal ends by thermal conduction.
6. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein at least one flexible needle is a hollow needle having an open proximal end and a closed distal end; the hollow needle being cryogenically cooled by a cryogen therein, in such a way that said hollow needle functions as an open heat pipe.
7. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein at least one flexible needle comprises a hollow needle, and both proximal and distal ends of said at least one needle are closed, such that said hollow needle operates as a closed heat pipe.
8. The cryogenic probe of claim 7 , wherein inner surface of said hollow needle is at least partially coated with an open-pore porous metal coating.
9. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein the outer lumen is characterized by at least one of the following list of restrictions: (i) a high rigidity and (ii) a thermal insulation.
10. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein the deflecting member is characterized by at least one of the following list of restrictions: (a) the deflecting member is fabricated from a metal having a high thermal conductivity coefficient; (b) an inner surface of the deflecting member has a shape suitable for smoothly deflecting at least one flexible needle.
11. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein the face plane further comprises an internal porous coating having open pore porosity providing a surface for boiling cryogen thereupon.
12. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein the inner lumen is a conduit provided with a counter-flow heat exchanging means and a distal expansion orifice to allow a high pressure gas to expand into the intermediate lumen and to partial liquefy within the intermediate lumen.
13. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein the cryogenic cooling system uses a liquid cryogen.
14. The cryogenic probe of claim 1 , wherein cryogenic probe tip further comprises an additional needle extending outwards from said face plane; said deflecting member having an axial hole therethrough to allow passage of said additional needle.