Partially complex modulated filter bank
An apparatus for processing a plurality of real-valued subband signals using a first real-valued subband signal and a second real-valued subband signal to provide at least a complex-valued subband signal comprises a multiband filter for providing an intermediate real-valued subband signal and a calculator for providing the complex-valued subband signal by combining a real-valued subband signal from the plurality of real-valued subband signals and the intermediate subband signal.
1. Apparatus for processing a plurality of real-valued subband signals, the plurality of real-valued subband signals comprising a first real-valued subband signal and a second real-valued subband signal, to obtain a complex-valued subband signal, comprising:
a multiband filter for providing a real-valued intermediate subband signal based on filtering the first real-valued subband signal to obtain a first filtered subband signal and the second real-valued subband signal to obtain a second filtered subband signal and based on by combining the first filtered subband signal and the second filtered subband signal to obtain the real-valued intermediate subband signal; and
a calculator for providing the complex-valued subband signal by combining the real-valued subband signal from the plurality of real-valued subband signals as a real part of the complex-valued subband signal and a signal based on the intermediate subband signal as an imaginary part of the complex-valued subband signal.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a multiband filter is operative to employ a low-pass filter characteristics, a high-pass filter characteristics or a bandpass filter characteristics for filtering the first real-valued subband signal and for filtering the second real-valued subband signal.
3. Apparatus for processing a plurality of complex-valued subband signals, the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprising a first complex-valued subband signal and a second complex-valued subband signal to obtain a real-valued subband signal, comprising:
an extractor for extracting from the first complex-valued subband signal a first imaginary part, for extracting from the second complex-valued subband signal a second imaginary part and for extracting from the first, the second or a third complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals a real part;
a multiband filter for providing a real-valued intermediate subband signal by filtering the first imaginary part to obtain a first filtered imaginary part signal, by filtering the second imaginary part to obtain a second filtered imaginary part signal and by combining the first filtered imaginary part signal and the second filtered imaginary part signal to obtain the intermediate subband signal; and
a calculator for providing the real-valued subband signal by combining the real part and the intermediate signal.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the extractor is furthermore operative to extract from the first complex-valued subband signal a first real part and to extract from the second complex-valued subband signal a second real part.
5. Apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the multiband filter is operative to employ a low-pass filter characteristics, a high-pass filter characteristics or a bandpass filter characteristics for filtering the first imaginary part signal and for filtering the second imaginary part signal.
6. Apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the apparatus is operative to assign to each complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals according to a center frequency associated with a complex-valued subband signal an index m so that the complex-valued subband signals with an increasing index m are arranged according to the center frequencies associated with the complex-valued subband signals, wherein the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprises K complex-valued subband signals, wherein K is a positive integer and m is an integer in the range from 0 to (K−1).
7. Apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the extractor is operative to provide a real-valued real part signal with a value û k n,m and a real-valued imaginary part signal with a value {circumflex over (v)} k n,m for each complex-valued subband signal with a value ŷ k n,m of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals with the index m, in the range from 0 to (K−1), and wherein and û k n,m , {circumflex over (v)} k n,m and ŷ k n,m fulfill a relation based on the equation
u
^
k
n
,
m
+
ⅈ
v
^
k
n
,
m
=
1
2
y
^
k
n
,
m
,
m
=
0
,
1
,
…
,
K
-
1.
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the extractor is operative to associate with each imaginary part signal and/or real part signal an index m of the complex-valued subband signal separated into the imaginary part signal and/or real part signal.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the multiband filter is operative to associate an index m with the intermediate subband signal, which corresponds to the index m of the first imaginary part signal.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the multiband filter is operative to use an imaginary part signal with an index (m+1) or (m−1) as the second imaginary part signal, wherein the index m is the index of the first imaginary part signal.
11. Apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the multiband filter is operative to further filter a third imaginary part signal received from the extractor corresponding to an imaginary part of a third complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals to obtain a third filtered imaginary part signal and to combine the first filtered imaginary part signal, the second filtered imaginary part signal and the third filtered imaginary part signal to obtain the intermediate subband signal, wherein either the second imaginary part signal is associated with the index (m−m′) and the third imaginary part signal with an index (m+m′) or the second imaginary part signal is associated with the index (m+m′) and the third imaginary part signal is associated with the index (m−m′), wherein m is the index of the first imaginary part signal and m′ is a positive integer.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the multiband filter is operative to provide a real-valued intermediate subband signal for each intermediate subband signal as the first intermediate subband signal with an index m.
13. Apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the multiband filter is operative to provide K intermediate real-valued subband signals having a value ŵ k n,m , wherein n and m are integers, based on the equation
x
^
imag
,
k
n
,
m
=
∑
r
=
q
(
m
)
p
(
m
)
∑
v
=
0
10
f
m
,
r
[
v
]
x
^
real
,
k
n
-
v
,
m
+
r
,
m
=
0
,
1
,
…
,
K
-
1
for each of the K real-valued imaginary part signals with the index m in the range of 0 to (K−1) and v is an integer in the range from 0 to 10, wherein
f
m
,
r
[
v
]
=
{
sin
[
π
2
[
-
(
2
m
+
1
)
(
v
-
5
)
]
]
a
0
[
v
]
+
if
(
m
,
r
)
∈
{
(
0
,
0
)
,
(
-
1
)
m
a
1
[
v
]
,
(
K
-
1
,
0
)
}
sin
[
π
2
[
-
r
-
(
2
m
+
1
+
r
)
(
v
-
5
)
]
]
a
r
[
v
]
,
else
wherein a 0 [v] and a 1 [v] are coefficients of the prototype filter and wherein each a 0 [v] and a 1 [v] obey the relations
0.003
≤
a
0
[
0
]
≤
0.004
a
0
[
1
]
≤
0.001
-
0.072
≤
a
0
[
2
]
≤
-
0.071
a
0
[
3
]
≤
0.001
0.567
≤
a
0
[
4
]
≤
0.568
a
0
[
5
]
≤
0.001
0.567
≤
a
0
[
6
]
≤
0.568
a
0
[
7
]
≤
0.001
-
0.072
≤
a
0
[
8
]
≤
-
0.071
a
0
[
9
]
≤
0.001
0.003
≤
a
0
[
10
]
≤
0.004
and
0.0008
≤
a
1
[
0
]
≤
0.0009
0.0096
≤
a
1
[
1
]
≤
0.0097
0.0467
≤
a
1
[
2
]
≤
0.0468
0.1208
≤
a
1
[
3
]
≤
0.1209
0.2025
≤
a
1
[
4
]
≤
0.2026
0.2388
≤
a
1
[
5
]
≤
0.2389
0.2025
≤
a
1
[
6
]
≤
0.2026
0.1208
≤
a
1
[
7
]
≤
0.1209
0.0467
≤
a
1
[
8
]
≤
0.0468
0.0096
≤
a
1
[
9
]
≤
0.0097
0.0008
≤
a
1
[
10
]
≤
0.0009
.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13 , wherein the coefficients of the prototype filter a 0 [v] and a 1 [v] obey the relations
0.00375672984183
≤
a
0
[
0
]
≤
0.00375672984185
a
0
[
1
]
≤
0.00000000000010
-
0.07159908629243
≤
a
0
[
2
]
≤
-
0.07159908629241
a
0
[
3
]
≤
0.00000000000010
0.56743883685216
≤
a
0
[
4
]
≤
0.56743883685218
a
0
[
5
]
≤
0.00000000000010
0.56743883685216
≤
a
0
[
6
]
≤
0.56743883685218
a
0
[
7
]
≤
0.00000000000010
-
0.07159908629243
≤
a
0
[
8
]
≤
-
0.07159908629241
a
0
[
9
]
≤
0.00000000000010
0.00375672984183
≤
a
0
[
10
]
≤
0.00375672984185
and
0.00087709635502
≤
a
1
[
0
]
≤
0.00087709635504
0.00968961250933
≤
a
1
[
1
]
≤
0.00968961250935
0.04670597747405
≤
a
1
[
2
]
≤
0.04670597747407
0.12080166385304
≤
a
1
[
3
]
≤
0.12080166385306
0.20257613284429
≤
a
1
[
4
]
≤
0.20257613284431
0.23887175675671
≤
a
1
[
5
]
≤
0.23887175675673
0.20257613284429
≤
a
1
[
6
]
≤
0.20257613284431
0.12080166385304
≤
a
1
[
7
]
≤
0.12080166385306
0.04670597747405
≤
a
1
[
8
]
≤
0.04670597747407
0.00968961250933
≤
a
1
[
9
]
≤
0.00968961250935
0.00087709635502
≤
a
1
[
10
]
≤
0.00087709635504
.
15. Apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the calculator is operative to provide the real-valued subband signals with a value ŷ real,k n,m based on the value of the real-valued subband signals û k n−5,m and the value of the intermediate signal ŵ k n,m based on the equation
y
^
real
,
k
n
,
m
=
u
^
k
n
-
5
,
m
+
w
^
k
n
,
m
m
=
0
,
1
,
…
,
K
-
1
wherein m is the index of the subband signals in the range from 0 to (K−1).
16. Apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the apparatus is operative to receive a further plurality of real-valued subband signals comprising (L−K) real-valued subband signals, wherein the apparatus ( 310 ; 560 ) is operative to output the further plurality of real-valued subband signals, and wherein L is a positive integer and L is equal to or greater than K.
17. Apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein the apparatus is designed such that the integer L equals 64.
18. Apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a delayer for delaying the plurality of real-valued subband signals and for passing on the real-valued subband signals in a delayed form.
19. System comprising:
an analysis filter bank for processing an audio input signal into a plurality of real-valued subband signals;
an apparatus for processing the plurality of real-valued subband signals to obtain a complex-valued subband signal the apparatus, comprising:
a multiband filter for providing a real-valued intermediate subband signal based on filtering the first real-valued subband signal to obtain a first filtered subband signal and the second real-valued subband signal to obtain a second filtered subband signal and based on by combining the first filtered subband signal and the second filtered subband signal to obtain the real-valued intermediate subband signal; and
a calculator for providing the complex-valued subband signal by combining the real-valued subband signal from the plurality of real-valued subband signals as a real part of the complex-valued subband signal and a signal based on the intermediate subband signal as an imaginary part of the complex-valued subband signal;
a modifier for receiving the complex-valued subband signal and for providing the complex-valued subband signal in a modified form;
an apparatus for processing a plurality of complex-valued subband signals, the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprising a first complex-valued subband signal and a second complex-valued subband signal to obtain a real-valued subband signal, the apparatus comprising:
an extractor for extracting from the first complex-valued subband signal a first imaginary part, for extracting from the second complex-valued subband signal a second imaginary part and for extracting from the first, the second or a third complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals a real part;
a multiband filter for providing a real-valued intermediate subband signal by filtering the first imaginary part to obtain a first filtered imaginary part signal, by filtering the second imaginary part to obtain a second filtered imaginary part signal and by combining the first filtered imaginary part signal and the second filtered imaginary part signal to obtain the intermediate subband signal; and
a calculator for providing the real-valued subband signal by combining the real part and the intermediate signal; and
a synthesis filter bank for processing the real-valued subband signal into an audio output signal.
20. System according to claim 19 , wherein the analysis filterbank is designed such that the plurality of real-valued subband signals comprises L real-valued subband signals,
wherein L is a positive integer, wherein the apparatus for processing the plurality of real-valued subband signals is designed such that the apparatus provides a plurality of complex-valued subband signals and a further plurality of real-valued subband signals;
wherein the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprises K complex-valued subband signals and the further plurality of real-valued subband signals comprise (L−K) real-valued subband signals;
wherein K is an integer in the range from 1 to L;
wherein the modifier is operative to modify the K complex-valued subband signals of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals to provide K complex-valued subband signals in a modified form;
wherein the system further comprises further modifier for modifying the further plurality of real-valued subband signals and for providing the further plurality of real-valued subband signals in a modified form;
wherein the apparatus is designed to process the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprising K real-valued subband signals and the further plurality of real-valued subband signals comprising (L−K) real-valued subband signals to obtain a final plurality of real-valued subband signals,
wherein the final plurality of real-valued subband signals comprises L real-valued subband signals; and
wherein the synthesis filter band is designed such that the final plurality of real-valued subband signals is processed into the audio output signal.
21. Method for processing a plurality of real-valued subband signals, the plurality of real-valued subband signals comprising a first real-valued subband signal and a second real-valued subband signal to obtain a complex-valued subband signal, comprising:
filtering the first real-valued subband signal to obtain a first filtered subband signal;
filtering the second real-valued subband signal to obtain a second filtered subband signal;
combining the first filtered subband signal and the second filtered subband signal when deriving a real-valued intermediate subband signal; and
combining a real-valued subband signal from the plurality of real-valued subband signals as a real part of a complex-valued subband signal and a signal which is based on the intermediate subband signal as an imaginary part of the complex-valued subband signal,
wherein at least one of the steps of filtering the first real-valued subband signal, filtering the second real-valued subband signal, combining the first filtered subband signal and the second filtered subband signal, and combining a real-valued subband signal are performed by a hardware apparatus.
22. Method for processing a plurality of complex-valued subband signals, the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprising a first complex-valued subband signal and a second complex-valued subband signal to obtain a real-valued subband signal, comprising:
extracting from the first complex-valued subband signal a first imaginary part;
extracting from the second complex-valued subband signal a second imaginary part;
extracting from the first, the second or a third complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals a real part;
filtering the first imaginary part to obtain a first filtered imaginary part signal;
filtering the second imaginary part to obtain a second filtered imaginary part signal;
combining the first filtered imaginary part signal and the second filtered imaginary part signal to obtain an intermediate subband signal; and
combining the real part and the intermediate subband signal to obtain the real-valued signal the real-valued signal,
wherein at least one of the steps of extracting from the first complex-valued subband signal, extracting from the second complex-valued subband signal, extracting from the first, the second or a third complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals, filtering the first imaginary part, filtering the second imaginary part, combining the first filtered imaginary part signal and the second filtered imaginary part signal, and combining the real part and the intermediate subband signal are performed by a hardware apparatus.
23. Digital storage medium having stored theron a computer program for performing, when running on a computer, a method for processing a plurality of real-valued subband signals, the plurality of real-valued subband signals comprising a first real-valued subband signal and a second real-valued subband signal to obtain a complex-valued subband signal, the method comprising:
filtering the first real-valued subband signal to obtain a first filtered subband signal;
filtering the second real-valued subband signal to obtain a second filtered subband signal;
combining the first filtered subband signal and the second filtered subband signal when deriving a real-valued intermediate subband signal; and
combining a real-valued subband signal from the plurality of real-valued subband signals as a real part of a complex-valued subband signal and a signal which is based on the intermediate subband signal as an imaginary part of the complex-valued subband signal.
24. Digital storage medium having stored theron a computer program for performing, when running on a computer, a method processing a plurality of complex-valued subband signals, the plurality of complex-valued subband signals comprising a first complex-valued subband signal and a second complex-valued subband signal to obtain a real-valued subband signal, comprising:
extracting from the first complex-valued subband signal a first imaginary part;
extracting from the second complex-valued subband signal a second imaginary part;
extracting from the first, the second or a third complex-valued subband signal of the plurality of complex-valued subband signals a real part;
filtering the first imaginary part to obtain a first filtered imaginary part signal;
filtering the second imaginary part to obtain a second filtered imaginary part signal;
combining the first filtered imaginary part signal and the second filtered imaginary part signal to obtain an intermediate subband signal; and
combining the real part and the intermediate subband signal to obtain the real-valued signal the real-valued signal.