POLYAMINES USEFUL AS ANTI-PARASITIC AND ANTI-CANCER THERAPEUTICS AND AS LYSINE-SPECIFIC DEMETHYLASE INHIBITORS

1 . A compound having a formula selected from the group consisting of:

wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 12;

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

q is 0 or 1;

each R 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or heteroaralkyl;

each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen or a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl;

R 5 , R 9 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

A, R 10 and R 11 are independently (CH 2 ) 1-5 or ethene-1,1-diyl;

R 12 and R 13 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 2 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl and C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 15 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted n-alkyl or (C 3 -C 8 ) branched alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or heteroaralkyl;

R 16 and R 17 are independently hydrogen or a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;

R 18 and R 19 are independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 unsubstituted alkyl, C 1 -C 8 n-alkyl substituted with a cycloalkyl group comprising at least two rings, C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or heteroaralkyl comprising at least two rings;

R 20 and R 21 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl;

X of formula (VIII) is —(CH 2 ) 1-5 — or cyclohex-1,3-diyl;

R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, n-butyl, ethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cycloheptylmethyl, cyclohexyleth-2-yl and benzyl;

R 24 is an amino-substituted cycloalkyl or a C 2 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl; R 25

is a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or a C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl.

2 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (I):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 12;

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

q is 0 or 1;

each R 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of;

C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C 4 -C 15 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 15 substituted or unsubstituted branched alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaralkyl and,

each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen or a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.

3 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (II):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 12;

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

q is 0 or 1;

each R 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; and

each R 2 is independently hydrogen or a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.

4 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (III):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 12;

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl;

R 5 , R 9 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and wherein

either:

m and p are not the same integer, or

at least one of R 5 , R 9 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 is a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.

5 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (IV):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

A, R 10 and R 11 are independently (CH 2 ) n or ethene-1,1-diyl;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R 12 and R 13 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 2 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl and C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and

at least one of A, R 10 , R 11 , R 12 and R 13 comprises an alkenyl moiety.

6 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (V):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 8;

m is an integer from 1 to 8;

R 15 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted n-alkyl, C 3 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted branched alkyl, C 6 -C 20 substituted or unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or heteroaralkyl;

R 16 and R 17 are independently hydrogen or a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and

wherein:

the compound contains no more than three secondary amino groups except when R 17 is a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and

the compound is free from a methylphosphonate or hydroxy moiety.

7 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (VI):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 12;

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

R 18 and R 19 are independently selected from the group consisting of:

hydrogen,

C 1 -C 8 unsubstituted alkyl,

C 1 -C 8 n-alkyl substituted with a cycloalkyl group comprising at least two rings,

C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or heteroaralkyl comprising at least two rings; and

wherein:

n is 1 when R 18 and R 19 are identical C 1 -C 8 n-alkyl moities substituted with a cycloalkyl group comprising at least two rings, or are identical aryl moieties comprising at least two rings; and

at least one of R 18 and R 19 is either a C 1 -C 8 n-alkyl substituted with a cycloalkyl group comprising at least two rings or a C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl comprising at least two rings.

8 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (VII):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

n is an integer from 1 to 12;

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

q is 0 or 1;

R 20 and R 21 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, —C(═O)—C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, —C(═O)—C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, —C(═O)—C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, and C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl; and

wherein the compound comprises at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of t-butyl, isopropyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1-methylpropyl, 1-methylbutyl, 3-butenyl, isopent-2-enyl, 2-methylpropan-3-olyl, ethylthiyl, phenylthiyl, propynoyl, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-yl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropanecarbaldehyde (cyclopropylcarbonyl), halo-substituted phenyl, nitro-substituted phenyl, alkyl-substituted phenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl, halo-S-substituted phenyl, para-(F 3 S)-phenyl, azido and 2-methylbutyl.

9 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (VIII):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

m and p are independently an integer from 1 to 5;

X is —(CH 2 )n- or cyclohex-1,3-diyl;

n is an integer from 1 to 5;

R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, n-butyl, ethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cycloheptylmethyl, cyclohexyleth-2-yl, benzyl; and

wherein:

when n is 5, at least one of R 22 and R 23 is hydrogen;

when R 22 is ethyl, R 23 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, n-butyl, ethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyleth-2-yl and benzyl;

when R 23 is ethyl, R 22 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, n-butyl, ethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexyleth-2-yl and benzyl; and

when X is cyclohex-1,3-diyl, R 22 and R 23 are not identical benzyl or cyclopropylmethyl moieties.

10 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of the formula (IX):

or a salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof, wherein:

p is an integer from 1 to 5;

R 24 is an amino-substituted C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl or a C 2 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl; and

R 25 is a C 1 -C 8 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or a C 7 -C 24 substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl.

11 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound listed in Table A.

12 . A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

13 . A kit comprising the compound and instructions for use as an anticancer or antiparasitic agent.

14 . A method of inhibiting a histone demethylase, comprising administering an amount of a polyamine, polyaminoguanidine, or polyaminobiguanide compound sufficient to inhibit the histone demethylase by at least about 50%.

15 . The method of claim 14 , comprising administering an amount of a polyaminoguanidine or polyaminobiguanide compound sufficient to inhibit the histone demethylase by at least about 50%.

16 . A method of treating cancer, comprising administering a compound of claim 1 in a therapeutically effective amount.

17 . A method of treating unregulated cell growth, comprising administering a compound of claim 1 in a therapeutically effective amount.

18 . A method of treating a parasitic infection, comprising administering a compound of claim 1 in a therapeutically effective amount.

19 . A method of inhibiting a histone demethylase enzyme, by contacting the enzyme with one or more of the compounds of claim 1 in an amount sufficient to inhibit the enzyme.

20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the compound contains at least one guanidine moiety or at least one biguanide moiety.

21 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the enzyme is lysine-specific demethylase-1.