Apparatus for arbitrary peptide synthesis

1. An apparatus comprising:

a substrate including two or more different peptide synthesis locations;

two or more charged tRNA each respectively attached at the two or more different peptide synthesis locations;

one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers configured to sequentially flow one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations having the two or more charged tRNA respectively attached thereto; and

one or more computing units configured to control the one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers, wherein the one or more computing units are further configured to,

receive information representative of one or more target peptide structures;

determine one or more temporal-spatial parameters for synthesizing one or more peptides based at least partially on the data; and

direct the one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers to sequentially flow the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations based at least partially on the temporal-spatial parameters.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the two or more different peptide synthesis locations are associated with two or more sources of charged tRNA configured to provide the two or more charged tRNA.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the two or more different peptide synthesis locations are two or more temporal-spatial locations.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the two or more temporal-spatial locations are moving along a predictable time or other sequential path.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each source includes one or more fluid flows that are positioned to sequentially provide the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different locations at one or more first identifiable time intervals, wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on one or more of a predicted rate of incorporation of two or more amino acids into one or more peptides, a predicted rate of activity of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers, a predicted rate of translocation of one or more nucleic acids, or a predicted rate of release of tRNA.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each source includes one or more fluid flows that are positioned to sequentially remove the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from the two or more different peptide synthesis locations.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each source includes one or more fluid flows positioned to sequentially provide the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to each of the two or more different peptide synthesis locations.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each source includes one or more fluid flows positioned to sequentially remove the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from each of the two or more different peptide synthesis locations.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

one or more monitoring units, wherein the one or more monitoring units are operable to measure one or more of amino acid incorporation into one or more peptides, ribosome-based assembler activity, nucleic acid translocation, or tRNA release.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

one or more monitoring units, wherein the one or more monitoring units are operable to measure one or more of presence or absence, concentration, or composition of one or more of one or more charged tRNA or one or more tRNA.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more computing units operable to control one or more of an order or timing for one or more of providing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different locations or removing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from the two or more different peptide synthesis locations.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the timing for one or more of providing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more first locations or removing one or more of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from the two or more different peptide synthesis locations is sequential timing.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the timing for providing one or more of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations is one or more first identifiable time intervals; and

wherein the timing for removing one or more of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from the two or more different peptide synthesis locations is one or more second identifiable time intervals.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein one or more of the order or the timing for one or more of providing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more first locations or removing one or more of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from the two or more different peptide synthesis locations is at least partially based on one or more of a target peptide sequence or a nucleic acid protein coding sequence.

15. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein one or more of the order or the timing is at least partially based on one or more of a predicted rate of incorporation of two or more amino acids into one or more peptides, a predicted rate of activity of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers, a predicted rate of translocation of one or more nucleic acids, or a predicted rate of release of tRNA.

16. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein one or more of the order or the timing is at least partially based on monitoring of one or more of amino acid incorporation into one or more peptides, ribosome-based assembler activity, nucleic acid translocation, or tRNA release.

17. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein one or more of the order or the timing is at least partially based on one or more of availability of one or more nucleic acid codons, concentrations of one or more of the two or more charged tRNA or one or more tRNA, presence or absence of one or more of the two or more charged tRNA or the one or more tRNA, or presence or absence of one or more anti-codons on one or more of the two or more charged tRNA or the one or more tRNA.

18. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more computing units operable to determine one or more of the order or the timing for one or more of providing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations or removing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from the two or more first locations.

19. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a first source of the one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers includes a supply of a first type of ribosome-based assemblers, and a second source of the one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers includes a second type of ribosome-based assemblers.

20. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a first source of charged tRNA that includes a supply of a first type of charged tRNA of the two or more charged tRNA, and a second source of charged tRNA includes a second type of charged tRNA of the two or more charged tRNA.

21. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein the first type of charged tRNA includes one or more of natural charged tRNA, unnatural charged tRNA, or arbitrary charged tRNA and the second type of charged tRNA includes one or more of natural charged tRNA, unnatural charged tRNA, or arbitrary charged tRNA.

22. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

one or more first sources of nucleic acids, each source positioned to provide one or more nucleic acids to one or more second locations;

one or more second sources of nucleic acids, each source positioned to remove the one or more nucleic acids from the one or more second locations; and

wherein the one or more first sources of nucleic acids are optionally the same as the one or more second sources of nucleic acids.

23. The apparatus of claim 22 , wherein one or more sources of nucleic acids, each source positioned to provide the one or more nucleic acids to the one or more second locations comprises:

one or more sources of nucleic acids, each source positioned to optionally provide the one or more nucleic acids to the one or more second locations or to optionally remove the one or more nucleic acids from the one or more second locations at one or more identifiable time intervals.

24. The apparatus of claim 22 , wherein the one or more sources of nucleic acids each include one or more fluid flows.

25. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

one or more sources of nucleotides, each source positioned to provide one or more nucleotides to one or more different locations, and one or more sources of nucleic acid synthesis components, each source positioned to provide one or more nucleic acid synthesis components to the one or more different locations.

26. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

one or more sources of ribosome-based assembler components, each source positioned to provide one or more ribosome-based assembler components to one or more first locations.

27. An apparatus comprising:

a substrate including two or more different peptide synthesis locations;

one or more peptide synthesizer units, wherein the one or more peptide synthesizer units are operable to sequentially flow one or more ribosome-based assemblers to two or more charged tRNA each respectively attached at the two or more different peptide synthesis locations of the substrate; and

one or more computing units configured to control the one or more peptide synthesizer units, wherein the one or more computing units are further configured to,

receive information representative of one or more target peptide structures;

determine one or more temporal-spatial parameters for synthesizing one or more peptides based at least partially on the data; and

direct each source of ribosome-based assemblers to sequentially provide the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations based at least partially on the temporal-spatial parameters.

28. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is at least part of at least one of a microelectromechanical system device, at least one bead, or at least one immunoassay array.

29. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the substrate is at least part of at least one of a microelectromechanical system device, at least one bead, or at least one immunoassay array.

30. An apparatus, comprising:

a substrate including two or more different peptide synthesis locations;

two or more charged tRNA each respectively attached at the two or more different peptide synthesis locations;

one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers configured to sequentially flow one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations having the two or more charged tRNA respectively attached thereto; and

one or more computing units configured to direct the one or more sources of ribosome-based assemblers to sequentially flow the one or more ribosome-based assemblers to the two or more different peptide synthesis locations based at least partially on temporal-spatial parameters for synthesizing one or more peptides determined by the one or more computing units.