Methods for arbitrary peptide synthesis

1. A method comprising:

determining, with one or more computing units, an order that two or more types of charged tRNAs are to be sequentially provided on or in a fluidic device; and

controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein two or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA have the same anti-codon and are charged with different amino acids.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein two or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA have one or more of different anti-codons or different tRNA and are charged with the same amino acid.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA at one or more first identifiable time intervals, wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on one or more of a predicted rate of incorporation of two or more amino acids into one or more peptides, a predicted rate of activity of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers, a predicted rate of translocation of one or more nucleic acids, or a predicted rate of release of tRNA.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

monitoring one or more of amino acid incorporation into one or more peptides, ribosome-based assembler activity, nucleic acid translocation, or tRNA release.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA at one or more first identifiable time intervals, and

wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on one or more of the amino acid incorporation into the one or more peptides, the ribosome-based assembler activity, the nucleic acid translocation, or the tRNA release.

7. The method of claim 5 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA at one or more first identifiable time intervals, and

wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on availability of one or more nucleic acid codons.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

monitoring one or more of presence or absence, concentration, or composition of one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or one or more tRNA.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA at one or more first identifiable time intervals, and

wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on the concentrations of one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or the one or more tRNA.

10. The method of claim 8 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA at one or more first identifiable time intervals, and

wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on one or more of presence or absence of one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or the one or more tRNA.

11. The method of claim 8 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA at one or more first identifiable time intervals, and

wherein the one or more first identifiable time intervals are at least partially based on one or more of presence or absence of one or more anti-codons on one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or the one or more tRNA.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

co-localizing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and one or more first charged tRNA;

co-localizing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and one or more second charged tRNA; and

optionally repeating.

13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising:

co-localizing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and one or more third charged tRNA.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

co-localizing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and one or more first charged tRNA, the one or more first charged tRNA charged with one or more first arbitrary amino acids;

separating the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from one or more of the one or more first charged tRNA or one or more first tRNA, the one or more first tRNA released during peptide synthesis;

co-localizing the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and one or more second charged tRNA, the one or more second charged tRNA charged with one or more second arbitrary amino acids;

separating the one or more ribosome-based assemblers from one or more of the one or more second charged tRNA or one or more second tRNA, the one or more second tRNA released during peptide synthesis and

optionally repeating.

15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

consuming sequentially the two or more types of charged tRNA.

16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

eliminating sequentially one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or one or more tRNA.

17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

separating sequentially one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or one or more tRNA from the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein separating sequentially one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or one or more tRNA from the one or more ribosome-based assemblers comprises:

separating sequentially one or more of the two or more types of charged tRNA or the one or more tRNA from the one or more ribosome-based assemblers at one or more second identifiable time intervals.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining, with one or more computing units, an order that two or more types of charged tRNAs are to be sequentially provided on or in a fluidic device comprises:

determining the order based at least partially on a target peptide sequence.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining, with one or more computing units, an order that two or more types of charged tRNAs are to be sequentially provided on or in a fluidic device comprises:

determining the order based at least partially on a nucleic acid protein coding sequence.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein a protein coding region of the nucleic acid sequence includes two or more stop codons.

22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the protein coding region includes at least three stop codons.

23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the protein coding region includes two or more alternating stop codons.

24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the protein coding region includes one or more of one or more singlet codons, one or more doublet codons, one or more triplet codons, one or more quadruplet codons or one or more quintuplet codons.

25. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two or more types of charged tRNA are charged with one or more natural amino acids, one or more unnatural amino acids, or one or more arbitrary amino acids.

26. The method of claim 25 , further comprising:

charging two or more tRNA with the one or more natural amino acids, the one or more arbitrary amino acids, or the one or more unnatural amino acids.

27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two or more types of charged tRNA are one or more charged anti-stop codon tRNA.

28. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

selecting the two or more types of charged tRNA based at least partially on one or more of a target peptide sequence or a nucleic acid sequence.

29. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

co-localizing sequentially one or more peptide assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA.

30. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device comprises:

co-localizing sequentially one or more prokaryotic ribosome-based assemblers, one or more eukaryotic ribosome-based assemblers, or one or more mitochondrial ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA.

31. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

selecting the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

32. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

assembling one or more components of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

33. The method of claim 32 , wherein assembling one or more components of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers comprises:

assembling the one or more components of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers at one or more third identifiable time intervals.

34. The method of claim 32 , further comprising:

selecting the one or more components of the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

35. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

synchronizing the co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA, with a protein coding sequence of one or more nucleic acids co-localized with the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

36. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

co-localizing one or more nucleic acids with the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

37. The method of claim 36 , wherein co-localizing one or more nucleic acids with the one or more ribosome-based assemblers comprises:

co-localizing the one or more nucleic acids with the one or more ribosome-based assemblers at one or more fourth identifiable time intervals.

38. The method of claim 36 , wherein assembling the target peptide by co-localizing sequentially the one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types of charged tRNA occurs at least partially following co-localizing the one or more nucleic acids with the one or more ribosome-based assemblers.

39. The method of claim 36 , further comprising:

selecting the one or more nucleic acids.

40. A method of extra-cellular peptide synthesis comprising:

determining, with one or more computing units, an order that two or more types of charged tRNAs are to be sequentially provided on or in a fluidic device; and

controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device.

41. A method comprising:

determining an assembly order with one or more computing units that is at least partially based on a target peptide; and

controlling the operation of a fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble the target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined assembly order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and two or more types of charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device.

42. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluidic device includes a microfluidic device or a nanofluidic device.

43. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluidic device includes a MEMS device.

44. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

receiving data representative of at least one of the target peptide to be assembled or charged tRNA sequences; and

wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device is at least partially based on the data.

45. The method of claim 40 , wherein the fluidic device includes a microfluidic device or a nanofluidic device.

46. The method of claim 40 , wherein the fluidic device includes a MEMS device.

47. The method of claim 40 , further comprising:

receiving data representative of at least one of the target peptide to be assembled or charged tRNA sequences; and

wherein controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing individually sequentially according to the determined order one or more ribosome-based assemblers, and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device is at least partially based on the data.

48. The method of claim 41 , wherein the fluidic device includes a microfluidic device or a nanofluidic device.

49. The method of claim 41 , wherein the fluidic device includes a MEMS device.

50. A method comprising:

determining, with one or more computing units, a timing that two or more types of charged tRNAs are to be sequentially provided on or in a fluidic device; and

controlling the operation of the fluidic device with the one or more computing units to assemble a target peptide by co-localizing, individually sequentially according to the determined timing, one or more ribosome-based assemblers and the two or more types charged tRNA on or in the fluidic device.