Polymers with low band gaps and high charge mobility
View Patent ↗This disclosure relates to a polymer that includes a first comonomer repeat unit containing a benzothiadiazole moiety, a thiophene oxide moiety, a cyclopentadithiophene oxide moiety, a thiadiazoloquinoxaline moiety, a benzoisothiazole moiety, a benzothiazole moiety, a thienothiophene moiety, a thienothiophene oxide moiety, a dithienothiophene moiety, a dithienothiophene oxide moiety, or a tetrahydroisoindole moiety. The polymer can be used as a photoactive material in a photovoltaic cell. This disclosure also relates to such photovoltaic cells, as well as modules containing such photovoltaic cells.
1. A photovoltaic cell, comprising:
a first electrode,
a second electrode, and
a photoactive material disposed between the first and second electrodes, the photoactive material comprising a polymer,
wherein the polymer is
n being an integer greater than 1.
2. A photovoltaic cell, comprising:
a first electrode,
a second electrode, and
a photoactive material disposed between the first and second electrodes, the photoactive material comprising a polymer including first and second monomer repeat units, the first monomer repeat unit comprising a benzothiadiazole moiety of formula (II):
and the second monomer repeat unit comprising a cyclopentadithiophene moiety of formula (I):
wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 , independently, is H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, halo, CN, NO 2 , or SO 2 R, in which R is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, or C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl.
3. A device, comprising:
a first electrode,
a second electrode, and
a photoactive material disposed between the first and second electrodes, the photoactive material comprising a polymer including first and second monomer repeat units, the first monomer repeat unit comprising a benzothiadiazole moiety of formula (II):
and a second monomer repeat unit comprising a cyclopentadithiophene moiety of formula (I):
wherein each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 , independently, is H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, halo, CN, NO 2 , or SO 2 R, in which R is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, or C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl.
4. A device, comprising:
a first electrode,
a second electrode, and
a photoactive material disposed between the first and second electrodes, the photoactive material comprising a polymer including a first monomer repeat unit and a second monomer repeat unit different from the first monomer repeat unit, the first monomer repeat unit comprising a cyclopentadithiophene moiety of formula (I):
and the second monomer repeat unit comprising a thiadiazoloquinoxaline moiety of formula (III), a benzoisothiazole moiety of formula (VI), a benzothiazole moiety of formula (VII), a thienothiophene moiety of formula (XI), a dithienothiophene moiety of formula (XIII), or a tetrahydroisoindole moiety of formula (XVI):
wherein
each of X and Y, independently, is CH 2 , O, or S;
each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 , independently, is H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl, halo, CN, NO 2 , or SO 2 R, in which R is C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, or C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl; and
R 7 is H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, or C 3 -C 20 heterocycloalkyl.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the second monomer repeat unit comprises a thiadiazoloquinoxaline moiety of formula (III).
6. The device of claim 4 , wherein the second monomer repeat unit comprises a benzoisothiazole moiety of formula (VI).
7. The device of claim 4 , wherein the second monomer repeat unit comprises a benzothiazole moiety of formula (VII).
8. The device of claim 4 , wherein the second monomer repeat unit comprises a thienothiophene moiety of formula (XI).
9. The device of claim 4 , wherein the second monomer repeat unit comprises a dithienothiophene moiety of formula (XIII).
10. The device of claim 4 , wherein the second monomer repeat unit comprises a tetrahydroisoindole moiety of formula (XVI).