Spinning low fluorosurfactant fluoropolymer dispersions
View Patent ↗A process for dispersion spinning non-melt-processible fluoropolymer fiber in which a mixture of an aqueous dispersion of non-melt-processible polytetrafluoroethylene or modified polytetrafluoroethylene fluoropolymer particles and an aqueous solution of matrix polymer is formed. The non melt-processible particles have an SSG of less than about 2.40. The aqueous dispersion contains an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate nonionic surfactant having a 20% residuals temperature determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of less than about 290° C. and is essentially free of surfactants containing aromatic groups. The dispersion has a fluorinated surfactant content of less than about 300 ppm. The mixture is extruded into a coagulation bath containing a concentration of ions which coagulate the matrix polymer to form an intermediate fiber structure. The intermediate fiber structure is sintered to decompose the matrix polymer and coalesce. The present invention also provides a spinning composition useful for the dispersion spinning of non-melt-processible fluoropolymer fiber.
1. A process for dispersion spinning non-melt-processible fluoropolymer fiber comprising the steps of:
(a) forming a mixture of an aqueous dispersion of non-melt-processible polytetrafluoroethylene or modified polytetrafluoroethylene particles having an SSG of less than about 2.40, with an aqueous solution of a matrix polymer, said aqueous dispersion containing an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate nonionic surfactant and containing less than about 0.5 weight % surfactants containing aromatic groups, said aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate having a 20% residuals temperature determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of less than about 290° C., and said dispersion having a fluorinated surfactant content of less than about 300 ppm;
(b) extruding the mixture into a coagulation bath containing a concentration of ions which coagulate the matrix polymer to form an intermediate fiber structure; and
(c) sintering the intermediate fiber structure to decompose the matrix polymer and coalesce the non-melt-processible fluoropolymer particles to form said fiber.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein said fluorinated surfactant content is less than about 100 ppm.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein said fluorinated surfactant content is less than about 50 ppm.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein said 20% residuals temperature determined by TGA of said aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate is less than about 285° C.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein said 20% residuals temperature determined by TGA of said aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate is less than about 280° C.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the five minute foam height determined by ASTM D 1173-53 of said aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate surfactant is less than about 100 mm.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the five minute foam height determined by ASTM D 1173-53 of said aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate surfactant is less than about 50 mm.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the five minute foam height determined by ASTM D 1173-53 of said aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate surfactant is less than about 20 mm.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein the SSG of said non-melt-processible fluoropolymer particles is from about 2.14 to about 2.40.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein said fluoropolymer particles have a number average particle size of about 100 nm to about 400 nm.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein said fluoropolymer particles have a number average particle size of about 120 nm to about 220 nm.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein said fluoropolymer particles comprising a core of high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene and a shell of lower molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene or modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
13. The process of claim 1 wherein the matrix polymer is a cellulosic ether polymer.
14. The process of claim 1 wherein the matrix polymer is selected from the group consisting of methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose.