Methods of treating schizophrenia
The invention provides methods for the treatment of abnormal psychiatric states, particularly the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) of antipsychotic drugs. The inventive methods relate to the administration of therapeutic cells (which produce dopamine or dopamine precursors) adhered to support matrices to subjects suffering from the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and/or EPS. The therapeutic cells may be coadministered with cells which protect the therapeutic cells from immune rejection and/or cells which produce neurotrophic factors which improve the viability of the therapeutic cells.
1 . A method for providing dopamine or a dopamine precursor to a dopamine-deficient brain of a subject exhibiting extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) produced by antipsychotic drugs, comprising administering an effective amount of a cell/support complex to the brain of the subject, wherein said cell/support complex comprises cells adhered to a support matrix, wherein said cells produce dopamine or a dopamine precursor,
wherein the cells are allogeneic, non-genetically modified retinal pigment epithelial cells,
wherein said support matrix is made of material selected from the group consisting of glass, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, polyalginate, polysulphone, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile polymers, polyacrylamide, polycarbonate, polypentene, polypentane, nylon, magnetite, natural polysaccharide, modified polysaccharide, collagen, gelatin and modified gelatin, and
wherein said extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) produced by antipsychotic drugs are ameliorated.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said cell/support complex is administered to the subject by injection.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said cell/support complex is administered to the subject by implantation.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said support matrix is gelatin or modified gelatin.
5 . The method of claim 4 wherein said support matrix is crosslinked gelatin.
6 . The method of claim 1 wherein the cells produce a dopamine precursor.
7 . The method of claim 1 wherein the cells produce dopamine.
8 . The method of claim 1 wherein the subject is a human.
9 . The method of claim 1 wherein said EPS is tardive dyskinesia.
10 . The method of claim 9 wherein said cell/support matrix is administered to the striatal area of said subject's brain.
11 . The method of claim 10 wherein said cell/support complex is administered by injection.
12 . The method of claim 11 wherein said cell/support complex is administered by implantation.
13 . The method of claim 1 wherein said EPS is tardive dystonia.
14 . The method of claim 1 wherein said EPS is tardive akathisia.
15 . The method of claim 1 wherein said cells are administered in a bilaterally-symmetrically pattern.