Harmonic drive camshaft phaser
View Patent ↗A camshaft phaser comprising first and second harmonic gear drive (HD) units disposed in back-to-back relationship. Each HD includes an elliptical wave generator (WG), a flexspline (FS) deformable by the WG, and a circular spline (CS) for engaging the FS. A dynamic spline (DS) connects the first and second FSs. The first HD is an input HD driven by an engine crankshaft via a sprocket wheel connected to the input CS. The second HD is an output HD driving an engine camshaft. The DS is meshed with both the input FS and the output FS. The phase relationship between the crankshaft and the camshaft may be changed by changing the angular relationship between the first and second WGs. Such change is effected by holding the first WG stationary and varying the angular position of the second WG via an electric motor.
1. A camshaft phaser for controllably varying the phase relationship between a crankshaft and a camshaft in an internal combustion engine, comprising:
a first harmonic gear drive unit including a first wave generator, a first flexspline mounted on said first wave generator, and a first circular spline geared to said first flexspline;
a second harmonic gear drive unit including a second wave generator, a second flexspline mounted on said second wave generator, and a second circular spline geared to said second flexspline; and
a dynamic spline geared to said first and second flexsplines to couple the actions of said first and second harmonic drive units.
2. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first harmonic drive unit is a crankshaft phase input unit and said second harmonic drive unit is a camshaft phase output unit.
3. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 2 further comprising a sprocket wheel fixedly attached to said first circular spline for driving said first circular spline in time with said engine crankshaft.
4. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 3 further comprising a flange fixedly attached to said second circular spline and to said engine camshaft for driving said engine camshaft in a phase relationship with said engine crankshaft.
5. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 4 further comprising an actuating shaft attached to said second wave generator for changing the orientation of a major elliptical axis of said second wave generator to change the phase of said second circular spline and said camshaft.
6. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 5 wherein said actuating shaft is controllably rotatable by a rotational actuator.
7. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 6 wherein said rotational actuator includes an electric motor.
8. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 7 wherein said electric motor is an axial-flux motor.
9. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 7 wherein said first wave generator is fixedly attached to a mount for said electric motor.
10. A camshaft phaser in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a phase rotation limiter rotationally fixed to one of said crankshaft or said camshaft to limit the rotational relationship to the other of said crankshaft or said camshaft.