Biocompatible stent

1 . A biocompatible drug eluting stent comprising:

a stent body;

a first layer applied over the stent body comprising a therapeutic substance; and

a second layer applied over the first layer comprising a fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin.

2 . The stent of claim 1 wherein the therapeutic substance is selected from the group consisting of anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet drugs, antimetabolite drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs and antimitotic drugs.

3 . The stent of claim 2 wherein the therapeutic substance is selected from the group consisting of glucocorticoids, dexamethasone, betamethasone, heparin, hirudin, tocopherol, angiopeptin, aspirin, ACE inhibitors, growth factors, and oligonucleotides.

4 . The stent of claim 1 wherein the second layer leaches fluoride over a period of time.

5 . The stent of claim 1 wherein the second layer comprises Geristore™.

6 . The stent of claim 1 wherein the second layer comprises a two component blend in which the

a) first component comprises:

i) a fluoride source that includes a particulate siliceous fluoride containing filler in which the fluoride is water leachable;

ii) a coupling agent that includes one or more of (i) N-phenylglycine, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the mixture of the foregoing two compounds, (ii) the adduct of N-(p-tolyl)glycine and glycidyl methacrylate, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the mixture of the foregoing two compounds, and (iii) the adduct of N-phenylglycine and glycidyl methacrylate, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the mixture of the foregoing two compounds;

iii) a photoinitiator; optionally, a radiopaquing agent; and, optionally, a buffering agent; and

b) second component comprises:

i) an ethylenically-unsaturated-functional monomer;

ii) a soft crosslinker that includes one or more of 2,2-bis (4-methacryloxy 2-ethoxyphenyl) propane and diethyleneglycol bismethacrylate;

iii) a hard crosslinker that includes one or more of (i) the adduct of pyromellitic acid dianhydride and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, (ii) the adduct of 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, (iii) 4-methacryloxyethyltrimellitic anhydride, and (iv) other compounds containing at least one group or moiety capable of free radical polymerization and at least one aromatic ring or moiety containing electron withdrawing substituents that do not interfere with free radical polymerization;

iv) a photoinitiator;

v) a polymerized carboxylic acid;

vi) a free-radical scavenger; and

vii) a curing catalyst.

7 . The stent of claim 1 wherein the second layer comprises a light-curable adhesive composition containing:

a) a first component comprising:

i) a fluoride source including a particulate siliceous fluoride containing filler in which the fluoride is water leachable;

ii) a soft crosslinker;

iii) an ethylenically-unsaturated-functional monomer;

iv) a photoinitiator;

v) a free-radical scavenger;

vi) a thermal initiator;

vii) a polymerized carboxylic acid;

viii) a hard crosslinker including one or more of (i) the adduct of pyromellitic acid dianhydride and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate; (ii) the adduct of 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, (iii) 4-methacryloxyethyltrimellitic anhydride, and (iv) other compounds containing at least one group or moiety capable of free radical polymerization and at least one aromatic ring or moiety containing electron withdrawing substituents that do not interfere with free radical polymerization, and

b) a second component comprising:

i) a fluoride source including a particulate siliceous fluoride containing filler in which the fluoride is water leachable;

ii) a soft crosslinker;

iii) an ethylenically-unsaturated-functional monomer;

iv) a coupling agent including one or more of (i) N-phenylglycine, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the mixture of the foregoing two compounds, (ii) the adduct of N-(p-tolyl)glycine and glycidyl methacrylate, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the mixture of the foregoing two compounds, and (iii) the adduct of N-phenylglycine and glycidyl methacrylate, the alkali metal salt thereof, or the mixture of the foregoing two compounds;

v) a photoinitiator;

vi) a radiopaquing agent; and

vii) a buffering agent.

8 . The stent of claim 1 wherein the second layer comprises contains:

a) a particulate glass having the composition of

Component

Mole %

Component

Mole %

SiO 2

17.6–21.6 

P 2 O 5

0.8–3.5

Al 2 O 3

9.0–11.0

Na 2 O

0.5–3.0

MO

7.9–19.7

F

42.2–56.1

in which M is an alkaline earth metal and MO is barium oxide and barium oxide binary and ternary mixtures with other alkaline earth metal oxides;

b) the alkali metal salt of the adduct of N-(p-tolyl)glycine and glycidyl methacrylate;

c) the adduct of pyromellitic acid dianhydride and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate;

d) ethyl 4-dimethylamino benzoate and camphoquinone (i.e., 2, 3-bornanedione);

e) ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate and the adduct of glycidylmethacrylate and bisphenol A,

f) 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate;

g) butylated hydroxytoluene free radical scavenger

h) polyacrylic acid; and

i) benzoyl peroxide or other peroxide that cause free radical addition at about 55° C. or at a lower temperature.

9 . A method for forming a biocompatible drug eluting stent comprising:

providing a stent body;

applying a first layer to the stent body comprising a therapeutic substance; and

applying over the first layer a second layer comprising a fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin.

10 . The method of claim 9 wherein the step of applying the first layer comprises applying a layer comprising at least one therapeutic substance selected from the group consisting of anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet drugs, antimetabolite drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs and antimitotic drugs.

11 . The method of claim 9 wherein the step of applying the first layer comprises applying a layer comprising at least one therapeutic substance selected from the group consisting of glucocorticoids, dexamethasone, betamethasone, heparin, hirudin, tocopherol, angiopeptin, aspirin, ACE inhibitors, growth factors, and oligonucleotides.

12 . The method of claim 9 wherein the step of applying the second layer comprises applying a layer that leaches fluoride over a period of time.

13 . The method of claim 9 wherein the step of applying the second layer comprises applying a layer comprising Geristore™.

14 . The method of claim 9 wherein step applying the second layer comprises at least one process selected from the group consisting of brush application, syringe application, spraying, dip-coating, chemical vapor deposition and plasma deposition.

15 . A method for forming a biocompatible stent comprising:

providing a stent body;

applying a fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin layer over the stent body.

16 . The method of claim 15 wherein the step of applying the fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin layer comprises applying a layer that leaches fluoride over a period of time.

17 . The method of claim 15 wherein the step of applying the fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin layer comprises applying a layer comprising Geristore™.

18 . The method of claim 15 further comprising applying a primer layer to the stent body before applying the fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin layer.

19 . The method of claim 15 wherein the step of applying the fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin layer comprises a process selected from the group consisting of brush application, syringe application, spraying, dip-coating, chemical vapor deposition and plasma deposition.

20 . A biocompatible drug eluting stent comprising:

a stent body;

an inner layer applied over the stent body comprising a fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin;

an intermediate layer over the inner layer comprising a therapeutic substance; and

an outer layer over the intermediate layer comprising a fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin.

21 . The stent of claim 20 wherein the therapeutic substance is selected from the group consisting of anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet drugs, antimetabolite drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs and antimitotic drugs.

22 . The stent of claim 20 wherein the therapeutic substance is selected from the group consisting of glucocorticoids, dexamethasone, betamethasone, heparin, hirudin, tocopherol, angiopeptin, aspirin, ACE inhibitors, growth factors, and oligonucleotides.

23 . The stent of claim 20 wherein at least the outer layer leaches fluoride over a period of time.

24 . The stent of claim 20 wherein at least one of the inner layer and outer layer comprises Geristore™.

25 . A biocompatible drug eluting stent comprising:

a stent body;

a covering on the stent body comprising a therapeutic substance incorporated into a fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin.

26 . The stent of claim 25 wherein the therapeutic substance is selected from the group consisting of anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet drugs, antimetabolite drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs and antimitotic drugs.

27 . The stent of claim 25 wherein the therapeutic substance is selected from the group consisting of glucocorticoids, dexamethasone, betamethasone, heparin, hirudin, tocopherol, angiopeptin, aspirin, ACE inhibitors, growth factors, and oligonucleotides.

28 . The stent of claim 25 wherein the fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin leaches fluoride over a period of time.

29 . The stent of claim 25 wherein the fluoride-containing hydrophilic water insoluble crosslinked resin comprises Geristore™.