Crosslinkable compositions, thermoplastic elastomers obtainable therefrom and their use
Novel crosslinkable compositions are provided and are based on thermoplastic polymers and elastomers, these compositions comprising, as crosslinking system, specific organic salts of metal ions. Ionically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomers can be obtained therefrom and have excellent physical properties, high-temperature resistance extending above 150° C., and also oil resistance. They can be used for production of moldings.
1. Crosslinkable compositions comprising
(1) one or more thermoplastic polymers
(2) one or more elastomers which have carboxy groups, and also
(3) as crosslinking system, one or more salts of the general formula (I)
(R y− ) x/y M x+ (I)
in which
R y− is a C 1 -C 26 hydrocarbon radical which has y carboxy groups,
y can be the values 1, 2, 3 or 4,
x is 3 or 4 and
M is a tri- or tetravalent metal.
2. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 comprising
(1) from 10 to 90% by weight of one or more thermoplastic polymers
(2) from 89 to 9% by weight of one or more elastomers which have carboxy groups, and
(3) from 1 to 40% by weight of a crosslinking system which involves one or more salts of the general formula (I)
(R y− ) x/y M x+ (I)
in which
R y− is a C 1 -C 26 hydrocarbon radical which has y carboxy groups,
y can be the values 1, 2, 3 or 4,
x is 3 or 4 and
M is a tri- or tetravalent metal,
where the entirety of the three components (1), (2) and (3) gives 100% by weight.
3. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 comprising
(1) from 15 to 80% by weight of one or more thermoplastic polymers
(2) from 83 to 18% by weight of one or more elastomers which have carboxy groups, and
(3) from 2 to 30% by weight of a crosslinking system which involves one or more salts of the general formula (I)
(R y− ) x/y M x+ (I)
in which
R y− is a C 1 -C 26 hydrocarbon radical which has y carboxy groups,
y can be the values 1, 2, 3 or 4,
x is 3 or 4 and
M is a tri- or tetravalent metal,
where the entirety of the three components (1), (2) and (3) gives 100% by weight.
4. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein M is B, Al, Sc, Y, Fe, Sn, Pb, Ti, or Hf.
5. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein the C 1 -C 26 hydrocarbon radical (R y− ) is straight-chain or branched, saturated or else mono- or polyunsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic or aromatic.
6. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein R y− is formate, acetate, acrylate, methacrylate, propionate, lactate, crotonate, pivalate, capronate, sorbate, caprylate, oleate, caprate, laurate, linolate, palmate, stearate, resinate, hexacosanate, icopentenate, eicosapentanate, oxalate, malonate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, salicylate, pimelate, terephthalate, isophthalate, citrate or pyromellitate.
7. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises, as crosslinking system, exclusively the crosslinking system (3).
8. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein, as thermoplastic polymers (1), thermoplastic polymers whose melting point or glass transition temperature is >90° C.
9. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomer (2) contains from 0.5 to 15% by weight, based on 100% by weight of elastomer (2), of carboxy groups.
10. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein, as elastomer (2), carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR), hydrogenated, carboxylated nitrile rubber (HXNBR), maleic-anhydride-(“MAH”)-grafted rubbers based on EPM, EPDM, HNBR, EVA, EVM, SBR, NR or BR or carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber (XSBR), AEM having free carboxy groups, ACM having free carboxy groups or any desired mixture of these elastomers is used.
11. Crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , wherein, as component (1), a polyamide is used and, as component (2), HXNBR or XNBR is used.
12. Process for preparation of the crosslinkable compositions according to claim 1 , by mixing all of the components (1), (2) and (3) at temperatures above the highest melting point or glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic polymer(s).
13. Process for preparation of a thermoplastic elastomer based on one or more thermoplastic polymers (1) and on one or more elastomers (2) containing carboxy groups, by subjecting the crosslinkable composition according to one or more of claims 1 to 11 to a continued mixing procedure at a temperature which is above the highest melting point or glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic polymer(s) (1) used.
14. Thermoplastic elastomers based on one or more thermoplastics (1) and on one or more elastomers (2) containing carboxy groups, where the elastomer(s) (2) containing carboxy groups has/have been crosslinked via a crosslinking system which involves one or more salts of the general formula (I),
(R y− ) x/y M x+ (I)
in which
R y− is a C 1 -C 26 hydrocarbon radical which has y carboxy groups,
y can be the values 1, 2, 3 or 4,
x is 3 or 4 and
M is a tri- or tetravalent metal.
15. A method for the production of mouldings, preferably of drive belts, of gaskets, of sleeves, of hoses, of membranes, of dampers, of profiles, or for plastics-rubber mouldings, comprising subjecting the thermoplastic elastomers according to claim 14 to injection moulding, co-injection moulding, extrusion, or co-extrusion.
16. Mouldings obtainable according to claim 15 .
17. The crosslinkable composition according to claim 8 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer has a melting point or glass transition temperature greater than 120° C.
18. The crosslinkable composition according to claim 8 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyesters, polyimides or polypropylene.
19. The crosslinkable composition according to claim 9 , wherein the elastomer (2) contains from 0.5 to 10% of carboxy groups.
20. The crosslinkable composition according to claim 19 , wherein the elastomer (2) contains from 1 to 7% of carboxy groups.
21. The crosslinkable composition according to claim 20 , wherein the elastomer (2) contains from 2 to 5% of carboxy groups.