Photothermographic material and image forming method
A photothermographic material having, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer containing at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, wherein (1) the photosensitive silver halide comprises tabular grains having a mean aspect ratio of 2 to 100 and a mean equivalent spherical diameter of 0.3 μm to 10 μm; (2) 50% by weight or more of the binder is a hydrophilic binder; (3) the photothermographic material comprises a means for nucleation; and (4) an average gradient of a photographic characteristic curve of the photothermographic material is from 1.8 to 4.3. An X-ray image forming method using the above photothermographic material is also disclosed. A photothermographic material that is improved in coated surface state and has high sensitivity and high image quality, and an X-ray image forming method using the same are provided.
1 . A photothermographic material comprising, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer comprising at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, wherein
(1) the photosensitive silver halide comprises tabular grains having a mean aspect ratio of 2 to 100 and a mean equivalent spherical diameter of 0.3 μm to 10 μm;
(2) 50% by weight or more of the binder is a hydrophilic binder;
(3) the photothermographic material comprises a means for nucleation; and
(4) an average gradient of a photographic characteristic curve of the photothermographic material is from 1.8 to 4.3.
2 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , further comprising, as a silver ion carrier, at least one compound represented by the following formula (I) or (II):
wherein in formula (I), Q represents an atomic group necessary for forming a 5- or 6-membered imide ring; and
wherein in formula (II), R 5 independently represents one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, or an N(R 8 R 9 ) group, wherein R 8 and R 9 each independently represent one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, or a heterocyclic group; r represents 0, 1, or 2; R 8 and R 9 may bond to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 7-membered heterocycle; two R 5 's may link together to form an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic condensed ring; and X represents one selected from O, S, Se, or N(R 6 ), wherein R 6 represents one selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, or a heterocyclic group.
3 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , wherein the non-photosensitive organic silver salt is a silver salt of fatty acid prepared in the presence of at least one compound selected from among polyacrylamide and derivatives thereof.
4 . The photothermographic material according to claim 3 , wherein the silver salt of fatty acid has a silver behenate content of 50 mol % or higher.
5 . The photothermographic material according to claim 3 , wherein the silver salt of fatty acid is nano-particles.
6 . The photothermographic material according to claim 5 , wherein the nano-particles have a mean particle size of from 10 nm to 1000 nm.
7 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , wherein the means for nucleation is at least one of a nucleator and an infectious developing reducing agent.
8 . The photothermographic material according to claim 7 , wherein the nucleator is a compound selected from the group consisting of a hydrazine derivative, a vinyl compound, and a quaternary onium compound.
9 . The photothermographic material according to claim 8 , wherein the hydrazine derivative is a compound represented by the following formula (V):
wherein A 0 represents one selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, or a -G 0 -D 0 group, each of which may have a substituent; B 0 represents a blocking group; A 1 and A 2 both represent hydrogen atoms, or one of A 1 or A 2 represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents one selected from an acyl group, a sulfonyl group, or an oxalyl group; G 0 represents one selected from a —CO— group, a —COCO— group, a —CS-group, a —C(═NG 1 D 1 )— group, an —SO— group, an —SO 2 — group, or a —P(O)(G 1 D 1 ) group; G 1 represents one selected from a mere bonding hand, an —O— group, an —S— group, or an —N(D 1 ) group; D 1 represents one selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, or a hydrogen atom, and when a plurality of D 1 exists in one molecule, they may be the same as or different from each other; and D 0 represents one selected from a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, an amino group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, or an arylthio group.
10 . The photothermographic material according to claim 8 , wherein the vinyl compound is a compound represented by the following formula (VI):
wherein X represents an electron-attracting group; W represents one selected from a hydrogen atom or a group substitutable for a carbon atom; and R represents a group substitutable for a carbon atom.
11 . The photothermographic material according to claim 7 , wherein the infectious developing reducing agent is a compound represented by the following formula (R1):
wherein R 11 and R 11′ each independently represent a secondary or tertiary alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; R 12 and R 12′ each independently represent one selected from a hydrogen atom or a group connected through a nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, or sulfur atom; and R 13 represents one selected from a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
12 . The photothermographic material according to claim 11 , wherein, in formula (R1), R 12 and R 12′ each independently represent one selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a carbonyloxy group, an aryloxy group, an acyloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an amino group, an anilino group, an acylamino group, a ureido group, a urethane group, a heterocyclic group, or a heterocyclic thio group.
13 . The photothermographic material according to claim 12 , wherein, in formula (R1), R 12 and R 12′ each independently represent one selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an amino group, or an anilino group.
14 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic binder is a binder selected from gelatin or a gelatin derivative.
15 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the non-photosensitive organic silver salt relative to the binder in the image forming layer is from 1.0 to 2.5 by mass ratio.
16 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , further comprising a non-photosensitive layer comprising gelatin or a gelatin derivative.
17 . The photothermographic material according to claim 16 , wherein the non-photosensitive layer is a surface protective layer of the image forming layer.
18 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , comprising the image forming layer on both sides of the support.
19 . The photothermographic material according to claim 18 , wherein a total coating amount of the photosensitive silver halide on both sides of the support is in a range of from 0.01 g/m 2 to 0.45 g/m 2 , based on a silver amount.
20 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , wherein an average silver bromide content of the photosensitive silver halide is 60 mol % or higher.
21 . The photothermographic material according to claim 20 , wherein the average silver bromide content of the photosensitive silver halide is 80 mol % or higher.
22 . The photothermographic material according to claim 1 , wherein an average silver iodide content of the photosensitive silver halide is 40 mol % or higher.
23 . The photothermographic material according to claim 22 , wherein the average silver iodide content of the photosensitive silver halide is 80 mol % or higher.
24 . The photothermographic material according to claim 23 , wherein the silver iodide content of the photosensitive silver halide is 90 mol % or higher.
25 . The photothermographic material according to claim 22 , further comprising a compound which substantially reduces haze by the photosensitive silver halide after thermal development.
26 . The photothermographic material according to claim 25 , which comprises a silver iodide complex-forming agent as the compound which substantially reduces haze by the photosensitive silver halide after thermal development.
27 . An image forming method comprising:
(a) providing a photothermographic material comprising, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer comprising at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, wherein the photosensitive silver halide comprises tabular grains having a mean aspect ratio of 2 to 100 and a mean equivalent spherical diameter of 0.3 μm to 10 μm, 50% by weight or more of the binder is a hydrophilic binder, the photothermographic material comprises a means for nucleation, and an average gradient of a photographic characteristic curve of the photothermographic material is from 1.8 to 4.3;
(b) providing an assembly for forming an image by placing the photothermographic material between a pair of fluorescent intensifying screens;
(c) putting an analyte between the assembly and an X-ray source;
(d) irradiating the analyte with X-rays;
(e) taking the photothermographic material out of the assembly; and,
(f) heating the removed photothermographic material in a temperature range of 90° C. to 180° C.