Cryosurgical instrument and its accessory system
The invention proposes a cryosurgical instrument and its accessory system operating on the base of a refrigerant evaporation. The invention comprises combination of some technical solutions. Flow in a central lumen of the cryosurgical instrument has oscillating character; the refrigerant is provided on the internal surface of the distal cryotip in the form of separated portions. 2 . The internal surface of the distal cryotip of the cryosurgical instrument is covered by a porous coating, which soaks completely one portion of the refrigerant 3 . Vapors obtained as a result of the refrigerant boiling on the porous coating of the cryotip are removed through the central lumen into the atmosphere. Combination of these technical solutions allows to construct a safely cryosurgical instrument with high freezing power and small outer diameter. The proposed cryosurgical instrument may be designed as a flexible cryocatheter or as a rigid cryoprobe.
1. A cryosurgical system comprising: a source of cryogen medium; means for delivery of said cryogen medium in the form of pulses into a cryosurgical instrument; and a tip of the cryosurgical instrument, wherein volume of a liquid component contained in one pulse is sufficient to wet an internal volume of the tip, and the cryogen medium continuously boils within said tip.
2. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , further comprising control means for adjusting an on-off ratio of said pulses of said cryogen medium, and said on-off ratio has a value which is significantly lower then 1.
3. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said cryosurgical system further comprises means for forced ventilation of exhausting gases from the cryosurgical instrument.
4. The cryosurgical system of claim 3 , wherein said means for forced ventilation comprises a vacuum pump.
5. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said cryogen medium comprises a liquid cryogen.
6. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said cryogen medium comprises a gaseous cryogen.
7. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said cryogen medium comprises a cryogen mist.
8. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein an internal surface of the tip comprises a porous material and said porous material is wetted by said pulse.
9. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein an internal surface of the tip comprises a porous structure.
10. The cryosurgical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein delivery of the cryogen pulses is periodic and occurs during first and second quarter time periods, and wherein cryogen medium boiling in the tip occurs at least during third and fourth quarter time periods.
11. The cryosurgical system as claimed in claim 10 wherein duration of the third and fourth quarter time periods is different than duration of the first and second quarter time periods.
12. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises a control unit for adjusting a pressure of said pulses of cryogen medium.
13. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises a control unit for adjusting an on-off ratio of said pulses of cryogen medium.
14. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises a control unit for adjusting frequency of said pulses of cryogen medium.
15. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , wherein said system further comprises a control unit for adjusting said pulses according to one or more preset parameters of said pulses.
16. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor for measuring a parameter of said cryogen to form a measured parameter and a control unit for shutting off said pulses according to said measured parameter.
17. The cryosurgical system of claim 1 , further comprising a control unit for shutting off and turning on said pulses according to a predetermined frequency.
18. A cryosurgical system comprising: a source of cryogen medium; means for delivery of said cryogen medium in the form of pulses into a cryosurgical instrument; control means for adjusting frequency of delivery of said pulses of the cryogen medium; and a tip of the cryosurgical instrument, wherein a liquid component of each pulse boils continuously in the tip.
19. A cryosurgical system comprising: a source of cryogen medium; means for delivery of said cryogen medium in the form of portions into a cryosurgical instrument; and a tip of the cryosurgical instrument, wherein volume of a liquid component contained in one portion is sufficient to wet an internal volume of the tip, and the cryogen medium continuously boils with the tip.
20. The cryosurgical system of claim 19 , further comprising control means for adjusting frequency of delivery of said portions of the cryogen medium.